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The role of 217-Hz ELF magnetic fields emitted from GSM mobile phones on electrochemotherapy mechanisms
Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-15 , DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2020.1762635
Mahsa Mansourian 1 , Mohammad Firoozabadi 1 , Zuhair Mohammad Hassan 2
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT Electrochemotherapy (ECT), the combination of electric pulses (EPs) and an anticancer drug, is a type of cancer treatment method. We investigated the effect of 217-Hz magnetic fields (MFs) similar to that generated by GSM900 mobile phones, as intervening factors, on proposed mechanisms of ECT including permeability, tumor hypoxia and immune system response. The 4T1 cells were exposed to extremely low-frequency (ELF)-MFs at 93, 120 or 159 µT intensities, generated by Helmholtz coils 10 min, and then put in individual groups, comprising no treatment, chemotherapy, EPs or ECT. The cell viability was evaluated. Then, two treatment protocols were selected for in vivo experiments. The mice with 4T1 tumor cells were exposed to ELF-MFs 10 min/day until the day their tumors reached 8 mm in diameter. Then, the tumors were treated to ECT. Tumor hypoxia and immune system response were analyzed through immunohistochemistry assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique, respectively. The results in vitro indicated a significant decreased ECT efficacy of 60 V/cm, 5 kHz at the flux density of 93 µT. The results in vivo showed that pre-exposure to ELF-MFs could increase tumor hypoxia induced by ECT. In addition, exposure to ELF-MFs before ECT caused a significant increase in interferon-γ/interleukin-4 in comparison with ECT alone. More studies, including studies on the effect of ELF-MFs emitted from mobile phones on tumor volume changes induced by ECT, are needed to elucidate how the process of ECT is influenced by the MFs.

中文翻译:

GSM 手机发射的 217Hz ELF 磁场对电化学治疗机制的作用

摘要 电化学疗法 (ECT) 是电脉冲 (EP) 和抗癌药物的组合,是一种癌症治疗方法。我们研究了与 GSM900 手机产生的磁场类似的 217 Hz 磁场 (MF) 作为干预因素对 ECT 的拟议机制的影响,包括渗透性、肿瘤缺氧和免疫系统反应。将 4T1 细胞暴露于 93、120 或 159 µT 强度的极低频 (ELF)-MF,由亥姆霍兹线圈产生 10 分钟,然后分成单独的组,不包括治疗、化疗、EP 或 ECT。评估细胞活力。然后,选择了两种治疗方案进行体内实验。具有 4T1 肿瘤细胞的小鼠每天暴露于 ELF-MF 10 分钟,直到它们的肿瘤直径达到 8 毫米。然后,对肿瘤进行 ECT 治疗。分别通过免疫组织化学分析和酶联免疫吸附分析技术分析肿瘤缺氧和免疫系统反应。体外结果表明,在 93 µT 的通量密度下,60 V/cm、5 kHz 的 ECT 功效显着降低。体内结果表明,预先暴露于ELF-MFs可以增加ECT诱导的肿瘤缺氧。此外,与单独的 ECT 相比,在 ECT 之前暴露于 ELF-MF 会导致干扰素-γ/白细胞介素-4 显着增加。需要更多的研究,包括手机发射的 ELF-MFs 对 ECT 引起的肿瘤体积变化的影响的研究,以阐明 ECT 的过程如何受 MFs 的影响。体外结果表明,在 93 µT 的通量密度下,60 V/cm、5 kHz 的 ECT 功效显着降低。体内结果表明,预先暴露于ELF-MFs可以增加ECT诱导的肿瘤缺氧。此外,与单独的 ECT 相比,在 ECT 之前暴露于 ELF-MF 会导致干扰素-γ/白细胞介素-4 显着增加。需要更多的研究,包括手机发射的 ELF-MFs 对 ECT 引起的肿瘤体积变化的影响的研究,以阐明 ECT 的过程如何受 MFs 的影响。体外结果表明,在 93 µT 的通量密度下,60 V/cm、5 kHz 的 ECT 功效显着降低。体内结果表明,预先暴露于ELF-MFs可以增加ECT诱导的肿瘤缺氧。此外,与单独的 ECT 相比,在 ECT 之前暴露于 ELF-MF 会导致干扰素-γ/白细胞介素-4 显着增加。需要更多的研究,包括手机发射的 ELF-MFs 对 ECT 引起的肿瘤体积变化的影响的研究,以阐明 ECT 的过程如何受 MFs 的影响。与单独的 ECT 相比,在 ECT 之前暴露于 ELF-MF 会导致干扰素-γ/白细胞介素-4 显着增加。需要更多的研究,包括关于手机发射的 ELF-MFs 对 ECT 引起的肿瘤体积变化的影响的研究,以阐明 ECT 的过程如何受 MFs 的影响。与单独的 ECT 相比,在 ECT 之前暴露于 ELF-MF 会导致干扰素-γ/白细胞介素-4 显着增加。需要更多的研究,包括手机发射的 ELF-MFs 对 ECT 引起的肿瘤体积变化的影响的研究,以阐明 ECT 的过程如何受 MFs 的影响。
更新日期:2020-05-15
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