The land area under oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) cultivation (OPC) is increasing in different parts of world. Assessment of the soil parameters of oil palm plantations (OPP) is essential to judge the sustainability of land use for maintaining soil fertility and avoiding land degradation. The effects of OPC in India on soil parameters are poorly understood. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of OPC over the years (by considering oil palm plantations of 6, 12, and 18 years age) on soil properties, nutrient availability, soil organic carbon (SOC) pools, and SOC stock in comparison with those parameters in adjacent fallow land (FL) of southern India. Soils of OPP showed enhanced soil pH value, electrical conductivity, the concentrations of exchangeable calcium and magnesium and available sulfur, and SOC content in 0–20, 20–40, and 40–60 cm depths of soil compared with those parameters in FL. Available phosphorus concentration in soil increased with plantation age revealing the need for rational phosphorus management. However, the concentration of available nitrogen, potassium, exchangeable calcium and magnesium, and available sulfur and boron did not change with plantation age. The contents of SOC and very labile carbon were higher in surface soil layers of OPP than that in FL. Oil palm cultivation led to 20, 18, and 45% enhancement in SOC stock in 6, 12, and 18 years‐old OPP, respectively, compared with SOC stock in FL indicating C sequestration due to OPC. The very labile and less labile C stock in FL, 6 and 12 years‐old OPP were similar, whereas the values of these parameters were higher in 18 years‐old OPP. Positive correlation (p < .01) of SOC with very labile, labile, and less labile carbon pools indicated their inter‐relatedness. This information will be utilized in devising rational nutrient management options for the existing as well as ensuing OPP due to variations in soil properties and available nutrients.

中文翻译：

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油棕种植可提高土壤的pH值，电导率，可交换钙，镁的浓度以及有效硫和土壤有机碳的含量

油棕树下的土地面积雅克（Jacq。）种植（OPC）在世界不同地区都在增加。评估油棕人工林（OPP）的土壤参数对于判断土地使用的可持续性至关重要，以维持土壤肥力和避免土地退化。在印度，OPC对土壤参数的影响知之甚少。因此，我们与这些参数相比，评估了OPC多年来（通过考虑6、12和18岁的油棕人工林）对土壤性质，养分有效性，土壤有机碳（SOC）库和SOC储量的影响。在印度南部相邻的休耕地（FL）中。与FL中的参数相比，OPP土壤在0–20、20–40和40–60 cm深度的土壤中显示出更高的土壤pH值，电导率，可交换的钙，镁和有效硫的浓度以及SOC含量。土壤中有效磷的浓度随着种植年龄的增长而增加，这表明需要合理的磷管理。但是，有效氮，钾，可交换的钙和镁以及有效硫和硼的浓度不会随着种植年龄的变化而变化。OPP表层土壤SOC和非常不稳定的碳含量高于FL。油棕种植分别导致6、12和18岁的OPP的SOC量分别增加20％，18％和45％，而FL的SOC量则表明由于OPC导致C隔离。FL，6岁和12岁的OPP中非常不稳定和较不稳定的C库相似，而18岁的OPP中这些参数的值较高。正相关（钾，可交换的钙和镁以及可利用的硫和硼不会随着种植年龄的变化而变化。OPP表层土壤SOC和非常不稳定的碳含量高于FL。油棕种植分别导致6、12和18岁的OPP的SOC量分别增加20％，18％和45％，而FL的SOC量则表明由于OPC导致C隔离。FL，6岁和12岁的OPP中非常不稳定和较不稳定的C库相似，而18岁的OPP中这些参数的值较高。正相关（钾，可交换的钙和镁以及可利用的硫和硼不会随着种植年龄的变化而变化。OPP表层土壤SOC和非常不稳定的碳含量高于FL。油棕种植分别导致6、12和18岁的OPP的SOC量分别增加20％，18％和45％，而FL的SOC量则表明由于OPC导致C隔离。FL，6和12岁OPP中非常不稳定和不稳定的C储量相似，而18岁OPP中这些参数的值较高。正相关（在6、12和18岁的OPP中，SOC储量分别增加了45％，而FL中的SOC储量则表明由于OPC导致C隔离。FL，6岁和12岁的OPP中非常不稳定和较不稳定的C库相似，而18岁的OPP中这些参数的值较高。正相关（在6、12和18岁的OPP中，SOC储量分别增加了45％，而FL中的SOC储量则表明由于OPC导致C隔离。FL，6岁和12岁的OPP中非常不稳定和较不稳定的C库相似，而18岁的OPP中这些参数的值较高。正相关（ SOC不稳定，不稳定和不稳定的SOC的p <.01）表明它们相互关联。由于土壤特性和可用养分的变化，该信息将用于为现有以及随后的OPP设计合理的养分管理方案。