Abstract We describe model predictions of the temperature dependence for the formation of fuzz, a nanofiber-like surface feature, on helium-plasma-irradiated tungsten surfaces under conditions similar to those at the divertor of fusion reactors. Temperature influences the onset of fuzz formation through the strongly temperature-dependent pressure of subsurface helium bubbles formed by plasma implantation and surface diffusivity of tungsten, in addition to the thermal softening of the elastic moduli of tungsten. We explore the effects of helium concentration in the plasma-implanted tungsten and helium bubble size, report surface response diagrams predicted over a broad temperature range, and interpret the trends exhibited in such diagrams.

中文翻译：

---

氦等离子注入钨中开始绒毛形成的温度范围预测

摘要 我们描述了在类似于聚变反应堆偏滤器的条件下，在氦等离子体照射的钨表面上形成绒毛（一种纳米纤维状表面特征）的温度依赖性的模型预测。除了钨的弹性模量的热软化之外，温度还通过等离子体注入形成的表面下氦气泡的强烈依赖于温度的压力和钨的表面扩散率影响绒毛形成的开始。我们探索了氦浓度对等离子注入钨和氦气泡大小的影响，报告了在广泛温度范围内预测的表面响应图，并解释了这些图中显示的趋势。