Abstract It has been frequently suggested that varieties bred/selected under conventional farming conditions lack important traits required for optimum performance under low agrochemical input conditions. However, there is limited scientific information about interactions between cultivars bred/selected for the low input vs conventional farming sector and innovative crop agronomic strategies on crop health, yield and quality parameters to support this hypothesis. The main objective of this pilot study was therefore to compare the effect of contrasting fertilisation and crop protection regimes used in organic and conventional farming on crop health and performance parameter in two wheat varieties developed for organic/low input and conventional farming systems respectively. Results indicate that both leaf phenolic and flavonoid compounds, were positively associated with use of the ‘long straw’ variety Aszita and to a lesser extent composted FYM fertiliser inputs, while they were negatively associated with mineral N-fertiliser inputs, plant N uptake and use of the ‘short straw’ variety Solstice. On the other hand foliar and ear disease severity were positively associated with plant N uptake, use of the variety Solstice and the use of mineral fertilisers, while they were negatively associated with composted FYM fertiliser inputs, leaf phenolic/flavonoid concentrations and the use of the variety Aszita. Overall findings suggest that low input farming-focused breeding programmes might deliver varieties such as Aszita that have lower yield potential, but have higher grain protein, leaf phenolic concentrations, and foliar disease resistance under low-input conditions. Future studies should investigate whether the higher foliar phenolic levels found in low input varieties are linked to disease resistance and if they are also expressed in the grain.

中文翻译：

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农艺因素对常规和低投入农业部门培育的冬小麦品种作物健康和性能的影响

摘要 经常有人提出，在常规耕作条件下培育/选择的品种缺乏在低农化投入条件下实现最佳性能所需的重要性状。然而，关于为低投入与传统农业部门培育/选择的栽培品种之间相互作用的科学信息有限，以及关于作物健康、产量和质量参数的创新作物农艺策略支持这一假设。因此，本试点研究的主要目的是比较有机耕作和传统耕作中使用的对比施肥和作物保护制度对分别为有机/低投入和传统耕作系统开发的两个小麦品种的作物健康和性能参数的影响。结果表明，叶酚类和黄酮类化合物，与“长秸秆”品种 Aszita 的使用呈正相关，并在较小程度上与堆肥 FYM 肥料投入相关，而它们与矿物氮肥投入、植物 N 吸收和“短秸秆”品种 Solstice 的使用呈负相关。另一方面，叶部和穗部疾病的严重程度与植物吸收氮、使用 Solstice 品种和使用矿物肥料呈正相关，而与堆肥 FYM 肥料投入、叶酚/黄酮浓度和使用品种 Aszita。总体研究结果表明，以低投入农业为重点的育种计划可能会产生诸如 Aszita 之类的品种，它们的产量潜力较低，但在低投入条件下具有较高的谷物蛋白质、叶酚浓度和叶面病害抗性。