Abstract In cold regions, the shear characteristics of ice–frozen soil interface have significant effect on the slope stability and the mechanical behaviors of frozen soil. To investigate shear characteristics of ice–frozen clay interface, a series of cryogenic direct shear tests under different initial water contents (i.e., 14, 16, and 18%) and initial void ratios (i.e., 1, 0.8 and 0.6) were conducted at various temperatures (i.e., −1, −2 and − 3 °C), respectively. Experimental results indicated that the temperature and initial water content determine the shear stress properties and dilatancy types of ice–frozen clay interface. The shear stress exhibits softening behavior at the temperature of −3 °C and the softening behavior decreases with increasing of temperature. Under low normal stresses and temperatures, the interface tends to dilate during the shearing process, and presents contraction before dilatancy with increasing of temperature and normal stress. Finally, the influences of temperature and initial water content on shear stiffness, shear strength, friction angle and adhesion of interface were analyzed and discussed.

中文翻译：

---

冰冻黏土界面剪切特性试验研究

摘要 在寒冷地区，冰冻土界面剪切特性对边坡稳定性和冻土力学行为有显着影响。为了研究冰-冻粘土界面的剪切特性，在不同初始含水量（即 14%、16% 和 18%）和初始孔隙比（即 1、0.8 和 0.6）下进行了一系列低温直剪试验。各种温度（即-1、-2 和-3 °C），分别。实验结果表明，温度和初始含水量决定了冰冻粘土界面的剪应力特性和剪胀类型。剪切应力在-3℃的温度下表现出软化行为，并且软化行为随着温度的升高而降低。在低法向应力和温度下，界面在剪切过程中趋于膨胀，随着温度和法向应力的增加，界面呈现膨胀前收缩。最后，分析讨论了温度和初始含水量对剪切刚度、剪切强度、摩擦角和界面附着力的影响。