Cellulose synthase-like (CSL) genes encode glycosyltransferases thought to be involved in the biosynthesis of cell wall non-cellulosic polysaccharides; however, the exact function is not established yet for many of them. We performed a bioinformatics search of CSL genes in the flax genome, their phylogenetic analysis and evaluated expression of CSL genes in the course of plant development and in various plant parts. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to examine expression of CSL genes in several fiber-containing samples of two flax subspecies at seedlings, rapid growth and budding stages. One of the studied subspecies is fiber flax (cultivar Blakit) that was developed to produce high-quality fiber and another one is dehiscent flax that is not used for fiber production. Our study has revealed that the LusCSLD3 and LusCSLG3.2/3.3 genes were highly expressed in all studied samples and their expression was comparable with the expression of cellulose synthase genes involved in secondary cell wall development (LusCESA4 and LusCESA7-B) at rapid growth and budding stages. LusCSLB4 gene had a strong expression in seedling samples only. We have found that LusCSL gene expression profiles from the two phenotypically distinct flax subspecies are more different at the seedling stage than at the later developmental stages—expression of LusCSL was higher in fiber flax Blakit at the seedling stage as compared to dehiscent flax. Analysis of data from RNA-Seq experiments performed on various parts of flax plants revealed that LusCSLG with unknown substrate activity could be a specific glycosyltransferase involved in the synthesis of a non-cellulosic polysaccharide composing the fiber cell wall. Our findings lay the foundation for the understanding of the fiber cell-wall biogenesis and suggest characteristic features of this process in the cultivated flax.

纤维素合成酶样（CSL）基因编码糖基转移酶，被认为参与细胞壁非纤维素多糖的生物合成。但是，其中许多功能尚未建立确切的功能。我们对亚麻基因组中的CSL基因进行了生物信息学搜索，对其进行了系统发育分析，并评估了植物发育过程中以及植物各个部位中CSL基因的表达。定量RT-PCR被用于检查CSL的表达两个亚麻亚种的几个含纤维样品中的一些基因处于幼苗，快速生长和出芽阶段。被研究的亚种之一是亚麻纤维（品种Blakit），其被开发用于生产高质量的纤维，另一种是不用于生产纤维的开裂亚麻。我们的研究表明，LusCSLD3和LusCSLG3.2 / 3.3基因在所有研究样品中均高表达，其表达与参与二次细胞壁发育的纤维素合酶基因（LusCESA4和LusCESA7-B）在快速生长和生长过程中的表达可比。萌芽阶段。LusCSLB4基因仅在幼苗样品中具有强表达。我们发现LusCSL这两个表型不同的亚麻亚种的基因表达谱在苗期比后期的发育期差异更大-与开裂的亚麻相比，纤维亚麻Blakit在苗期的LusCSL表达更高。对亚麻植物各个部位进行的RNA-Seq实验数据分析表明，底物活性未知的LusCSLG可能是一种特殊的糖基转移酶，参与了构成纤维细胞壁的非纤维素多糖的合成。我们的发现为了解纤维细胞壁的生物发生奠定了基础，并提出了亚麻栽培中该过程的特征。