Conspectus: Redox reactions of Fe- and Mn-oxides play important roles in the fate and transformation of many contaminants in natural environments. Due to experimental and analytical challenges associated with complex environments, there has been a limited understanding of the reaction kinetics and mechanisms in actual environmental systems, and most of the studies so far have only focused on simple model systems. To bridge the gap between simple model systems and complex environmental systems, it is necessary to increase the complexity of model systems and examine both the involved interaction mechanisms and how the interactions affected contaminant transformation. In this Account, we primarily focused on (1) the oxidative reactivity of Mn- and Fe-oxides and (2) the reductive reactivity of Fe(II)/iron oxides in complex model systems toward contaminant degradation. The effects of common metal ions such as Mn²⁺, Ca²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cr³⁺ and Cu²⁺, ligands such as small anionic ligands and natural organic matter (NOM), and second metal oxides such as Al, Si and Ti oxides on the redox reactivity of the systems are briefly summarized.

概论：Fe和Mn氧化物的氧化还原反应在自然环境中许多污染物的命运和转化中起着重要作用。由于与复杂环境相关的实验和分析挑战，对实际环境系统中反应动力学和机理的了解有限，到目前为止，大多数研究仅集中在简单的模型系统上。为了弥合简单模型系统和复杂环境系统之间的鸿沟，有必要增加模型系统的复杂性，并检查所涉及的相互作用机制以及相互作用如何影响污染物转化。在这个帐户中，我们主要关注（1）Mn和Fe氧化物的氧化反应，以及（2）Fe（II）/氧化铁在复杂模型系统中对污染物降解的还原反应。Mn等常见金属离子的影响²⁺，Ca 2 ⁺，Ni 2 ⁺，Cr ³⁺和Cu ²⁺，配体（例如小的阴离子配体和天然有机物（NOM））以及第二金属氧化物（例如Al，Si和Ti氧化物）对氧化还原反应的影响系统简要概述。