ABSTRACT In the Central European context the imitation of natural stone is called stucco marble or scagliola. During its manufacture, the mixture of gypsum, animal glue and pigments produces a marble-like structure and after several sanding and polishing processes it attains a glossy surface. Scagliola plays a significant role in the history of interior design in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in central Europe. Originally, it was used during the first half of the seventeenth century to imitate stone inlaid work, pietra dura, for table tops and as antependia. Scagliola interiors in the eighteenth century, the main period of use, have individual designs, colours and shapes. This technique was substituted for stone because coloured marble was expensive, and some types of natural stone have a limited colour range. In the first half of the nineteenth century, scagliola found little or no application, but it was rediscovered in the second half of the century. In Vienna, high-quality stucco marble was used extensively in public buildings or private palaces. Recent research is focusing on the interior of churches during the Baroque and Rococo periods in southern Germany. Studies on conservation methods for scagliola barely exist at an international level. In order to ensure the preservation of these valuable surfaces, a catalogue is being compiled of nineteenth-century scagliola works in Vienna, as well as an overview of recent and present conservation measures.

中文翻译：

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1800-1900 年维也纳的 Scagliola 室内设计：材料、开发和保护

摘要 在中欧背景下，仿天然石材被称为灰泥大理石或 scagliola。在制造过程中，石膏、动物胶和颜料的混合物产生了大理石般的结构，经过多次打磨和抛光过程，它获得了光滑的表面。Scagliola 在 18 和 19 世纪中欧的室内设计史上扮演着重要角色。最初，它在 17 世纪上半叶被用来模仿石头镶嵌作品，pietra dura，用于桌面和作为垫子。十八世纪的主要使用时期 Scagliola 室内设计具有独特的设计、颜色和形状。由于彩色大理石价格昂贵，并且某些类型的天然石材的颜色范围有限，因此这种技术被取代了石材。在 19 世纪上半叶，scagliola 几乎没有或根本没有应用，但在本世纪下半叶被重新发现。在维也纳，高质量的灰泥大理石被广泛用于公共建筑或私人宫殿。最近的研究集中在德国南部巴洛克和洛可可时期教堂的内部。在国际层面上几乎没有关于 scagliola 保护方法的研究。为了确保这些有价值的表面得到保护，正在编制一份维也纳 19 世纪 scagliola 作品的目录，以及最近和当前保护措施的概述。高品质的灰泥大理石被广泛用于公共建筑或私人宫殿。最近的研究集中在德国南部巴洛克和洛可可时期教堂的内部。在国际层面上几乎没有关于 scagliola 保护方法的研究。为了确保这些有价值的表面得到保护，正在编制一份维也纳 19 世纪 scagliola 作品的目录，以及最近和当前保护措施的概述。高品质的灰泥大理石被广泛用于公共建筑或私人宫殿。最近的研究集中在德国南部巴洛克和洛可可时期教堂的内部。在国际层面上几乎没有关于 scagliola 保护方法的研究。为了确保这些有价值的表面得到保护，正在编制一份维也纳 19 世纪 scagliola 作品的目录，以及最近和当前保护措施的概述。