Resistant starch supplementation increases crypt cell proliferative state in the rectal mucosa of older healthy participants,British Journal of Nutrition

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Resistant starch supplementation increases crypt cell proliferative state in the rectal mucosa of older healthy participants
British Journal of Nutrition ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-13 , DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520001312
Fiona C Malcomson ₁ , Naomi D Willis ₁ , Iain McCallum ₂ , Long Xie ₁ , Arthur C Ouwehand ₃ , Julian D Stowell ₄ , Seamus Kelly ₂ , D Michael Bradburn ₅ , Nigel J Belshaw ₆ , Ian T Johnson ₇ , John C Mathers ₁

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There is strong evidence that foods containing dietary fibre protect against colorectal cancer, resulting at least in part from its anti-proliferative properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementation with two non-digestible carbohydrates, resistant starch (RS) and polydextrose (PD), on crypt cell proliferative state (CCPS) in the macroscopically normal rectal mucosa of healthy individuals. We also investigated relationships between expression of regulators of apoptosis and of the cell cycle on markers of CCPS. Seventy-five healthy participants were supplemented with RS and/or PD or placebo for 50 d in a 2 × 2 factorial design in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (the Dietary Intervention, Stem cells and Colorectal Cancer (DISC) Study). CCPS was assessed, and the expression of regulators of the cell cycle and of apoptosis was measured by quantitative PCR in rectal mucosal biopsies. SCFA concentrations were quantified in faecal samples collected pre- and post-intervention. Supplementation with RS increased the total number of mitotic cells within the crypt by 60 % (P = 0·001) compared with placebo. This effect was limited to older participants (aged ≥50 years). No other differences were observed for the treatments with PD or RS as compared with their respective controls. PD did not influence any of the measured variables. RS, however, increased cell proliferation in the crypts of the macroscopically-normal rectum of older adults. Our findings suggest that the effects of RS on CCPS are not only dose, type of RS and health status-specific but are also influenced by age.

中文翻译：

抗性淀粉补充剂可增加老年健康参与者直肠黏膜中的隐窝细胞增殖状态

有强有力的证据表明，含有膳食纤维的食物可以预防结直肠癌，这至少部分是由于其抗增殖特性。本研究旨在研究补充两种不易消化的碳水化合物抗性淀粉 (RS) 和聚葡萄糖 (PD) 对健康个体宏观正常直肠黏膜中隐窝细胞增殖状态 (CCPS) 的影响。我们还研究了细胞凋亡调节因子的表达与 CCPS 标志物的细胞周期之间的关系。在一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验（饮食干预、干细胞和结肠直肠癌 (DISC)学习）。CCPS 进行了评估，并且通过定量PCR在直肠粘膜活检中测量细胞周期和细胞凋亡调节剂的表达。在干预前后收集的粪便样本中对 SCFA 浓度进行了量化。补充 RS 可使隐窝内的有丝分裂细胞总数增加 60% (磷= 0·001) 与安慰剂相比。这种影响仅限于老年参与者（年龄≥50 岁）。与各自的对照相比，PD 或 RS 治疗未观察到其他差异。PD 不影响任何测量变量。然而，RS 增加了老年人肉眼正常的直肠隐窝中的细胞增殖。我们的研究结果表明，RS 对 CCPS 的影响不仅是剂量、RS 类型和特定健康状况，而且还受年龄的影响。

更新日期：2020-04-13

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