Abstract

This work presents an evaluation of bus structure during a frontal collision. A finite element (FE) model of a bus frontal structure has been simulated under ANSYS/explicit dynamics. Simulation investigated both front-end deformation and generated deceleration was attained byusing two different impact velocities. Lagrangian function has been used to validate the obtained energy absorption. A lumped mass model in MATLAB/Simulink has been constructed to estimate the design parameters for the proposed zones. Multi-objective function optimization strategy used Genetic Algorithm based on both acceptable deformation and deceleration limits. The experimental tests have been carried out to investigate design parameters on four different samples. Simulation results concluded that both deceleration and deformation deviated from the acceptable limits of occupant safety exceeding the first zone. According to the optimization results, the investigated bus structure produces insufficient behaviour during the first crash zone. It is recommended to increase the front zone length.

摘要

这项工作对正面碰撞期间的公交车结构进行了评估。已在 ANSYS/explicit dynamics 下模拟了公交车正面结构的有限元 (FE) 模型。通过使用两种不同的冲击速度，模拟研究了前端变形和产生的减速。拉格朗日函数已用于验证获得的能量吸收。已经在 MATLAB/Simulink 中构建了一个集中质量模型来估计建议区域的设计参数。多目标函数优化策略使用基于可接受变形和减速限制的遗传算法。已经进行了实验测试以研究四个不同样品的设计参数。仿真结果得出的结论是，减速和变形都偏离了超出第一区域的乘员安全的可接受极限。根据优化结果，所研究的公交车结构在第一个碰撞区产生了不充分的行为。建议增加前区长度。