Introduction: Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is the most common cause of intestinal failure resulting in the need for long-term parenteral nutrition. Treatment for SBS involves the close management of parenteral and enteral nutrition as well as central venous access to prevent complications while allowing time for the remaining intestine to undergo the process of adaptation.

Areas covered: This review highlights the current state of management and treatment of SBS. Parenteral and enteral management strategies are outlined with a review of the evidence regarding lipid management, prevention of intestinal failure associated liver disease, and promotion of intestinal adaptation. Central venous access management and the evidence for prevention of central line-associated blood stream infections are reviewed. The most common nutritional deficiencies and complications associated with SBS are discussed and treatment strategies covered. Several hormone analogues have recently been developed which have been shown to promote intestinal adaptation. The evidence for these new drugs is also outlined.

Expert opinion: Previous treatments for SBS focused on symptom management and complication prevention. While these remain important in the intestinal rehabilitation of patients with SBS, the introduction of promising new hormonal therapies has provided a way to augment the process of adaptation.

简介：短肠综合症（SBS）是肠衰竭的最常见原因，导致需要长期的肠胃外营养。SBS的治疗包括密切管理肠胃外和肠内营养，以及中央静脉通路，以防止并发症，同时留出时间让其余肠道经历适应过程。

涵盖领域：这篇综述重点介绍了SBS的管理和治疗的当前状态。概述了肠胃外和肠内治疗策略，并回顾了有关脂质管理，预防与肝病相关的肠衰竭和促进肠适应性的证据。中心静脉通路管理和预防中心线相关的血流感染的证据进行了审查。讨论了与SBS相关的最常见的营养不足和并发症，并涵盖了治疗策略。最近已经开发了几种激素类似物，它们已显示出能促进肠道适应。还概述了这些新药的证据。

专家意见：SBS以前的治疗方法集中在症状管理和并发症预防上。尽管这些在SBS患者的肠道康复中仍然很重要，但有希望的新激素疗法的引入提供了一种增强适应过程的方法。