Interleukin (IL)‐15 is a recently identified cytokine, which belongs to the interleukin‐2(IL‐2) family, and plays an important role in innate and adaptive immunoreaction. Given the fact that the structure of IL‐15 is partially similar to IL‐2, they share some common biological effects, including immunoregulation. IL‐2 was proven to protect cardiac function in mouse myocardial infarction models. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) dominate the cause of mortality worldwide. Besides atherosclerosis, inflammation is also widely involved in the pathogenesis of many CVDs including hypertension, heart failure (HF) and aneurysm. IL‐15, as a pro‐inflammatory cytokine, is up‐regulated in some cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis. The current understanding of IL‐15, including its signal pathway and cellular function, was described. Furthermore, IL‐15 has a protective effect in myocardial infarction and myocarditis by decreasing cardiomyocyte death and improving heart function. The inhibited effect of IL‐15 in ductus arteriosus (DA) should be focused on. IL‐15 promoted atherogenesis. IL‐15 may be a good target in treatment of cardiovascular diabetology. Finally, future research direction of IL‐15 deserves attention. Since IL‐15 plays several roles in CVDs, understanding the role of the IL‐15/IL‐15R system may provide a scientific basis for the development of new approaches that use IL‐15 for the treatment of CVDs.

中文翻译：

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白介素15在心血管疾病中的作用。

白介素（IL）-15是最近发现的细胞因子，属于白介素2（IL-2）家族，在先天性和适应性免疫反应中起着重要作用。鉴于IL-15的结构与IL-2部分相似的事实，它们具有一些共同的生物学效应，包括免疫调节。在小鼠心肌梗死模型中，IL-2被证明可以保护心脏功能。心血管疾病（CVD）主导着全世界的死亡原因。除了动脉粥样硬化，炎症还广泛参与许多CVD的发病机制，包括高血压，心力衰竭（HF）和动脉瘤。IL-15作为一种促炎性细胞因子，在某些心血管疾病（例如心肌梗塞和动脉粥样硬化）中被上调。对IL-15的当前理解，包括其信号途径和细胞功能，被描述。此外，IL-15通过减少心肌细胞死亡并改善心脏功能，对心肌梗塞和心肌炎具有保护作用。应重点研究IL-15在动脉导管（DA）中的抑制作用。IL-15促进动脉粥样硬化。IL-15可能是治疗心血管糖尿病的好靶标。最后，IL-15的未来研究方向值得关注。由于IL-15在CVD中起着多种作用，因此了解IL-15 / IL-15R系统的作用可能为开发使用IL-15进行CVD治疗的新方法的开发提供科学依据。IL-15促进动脉粥样硬化。IL-15可能是治疗心血管糖尿病的好靶标。最后，IL-15的未来研究方向值得关注。由于IL-15在CVD中起着多种作用，因此了解IL-15 / IL-15R系统的作用可能为开发使用IL-15进行CVD治疗的新方法的开发提供科学依据。IL-15促进动脉粥样硬化。IL-15可能是治疗心血管糖尿病的好靶标。最后，IL-15的未来研究方向值得关注。由于IL-15在CVD中起着多种作用，因此了解IL-15 / IL-15R系统的作用可能为开发使用IL-15进行CVD治疗的新方法的开发提供科学依据。