Demarcation of conservation priority zones (CPZs) using spatially explicit models is the new challenge in ecosystem services (ESs) research. This study identifies the CPZs of the Indian Sundarbans by integrating 2 different approaches, that is, ESs and ecosystem health (EH). Five successive steps were followed to conduct the analysis: First, the ESs were estimated using biophysical and economic methods and a hybrid method (that combines biophysical and economic methods); second, the vigor–organization–resilience (VOR) model was used for estimating EH; third, the risk characterization value (RCV) of ESs was measured using the function of EH and ESs; fourth, Pearson correlation test was performed to analyze the interaction between ESs and EH components; and fifth, the CPZs were defined by considering 7 relevant components: ecosystem vigor, ecosystem organization, ecosystem resilience, RCV, EH, ESs, and the correlation between EH and ESs. Among the major ecoregions of the Sundarbans, the highest ESs value in economic terms is provided by the mangrove ecosystem (US$19 144.9 million per year). The highest conservation priority score was projected for the Gosaba block, which is dominated by dense mangrove forests. The estimated CPZs were found to be highly consistent with the existing biodiversity zonations. The outcome of this study could be a reference for environmentalists, land administrators, researchers, and decision makers to design relevant policies to protect the high values of the Sundarbans ecosystem. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:773–787. © 2020 SETAC

中文翻译：

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使用空间明确的生态系统服务确定保护优先区域：以印度Sundarbans为例。

使用空间显式模型划分保护优先区（CPZ）是生态系统服务（ESs）研究的新挑战。这项研究通过整合两种不同的方法（即ESs和生态系统健康（EH））来确定印度Sundarbans的CPZ。随后进行了五个连续步骤进行分析：首先，使用生物物理和经济方法以及混合方法（结合了生物物理和经济方法）对ES进行估算。其次，用活力-组织-复原力（VOR）模型估算环境卫生。第三，利用EH和ESs的功能测量ESs的风险特征值（RCV）。第四，进行皮尔逊相关检验，分析ES与EH成分之间的相互作用。第五，通过考虑7个相关要素来定义CPZ：生态系统活力，生态系统组织，生态系统弹性，RCV，EH，ES以及EH与ES之间的相关性。在Sundarbans的主要生态区中，经济上生态系统服务价值最高的是红树林生态系统（每年191.449亿美元）。预计Gosaba区块的保护优先权得分最高，该区块以茂密的红树林为主导。发现估计的CPZ与现有生物多样性分区高度一致。这项研究的结果可能为环境保护主义者，土地管理者，研究人员和决策者设计相关政策以保护Sundarbans生态系统的高价值提供参考。在经济上，ESs最高的价值是由红树林生态系统提供的（每年191.449亿美元）。预计Gosaba区块的保护优先权得分最高，该区块以茂密的红树林为主导。发现估计的CPZ与现有生物多样性分区高度一致。这项研究的结果可以为环境保护主义者，土地管理者，研究人员和决策者设计相关政策以保护Sundarbans生态系统的高价值提供参考。在经济上，ESs最高的价值是由红树林生态系统提供的（每年191.449亿美元）。预计Gosaba区块的保护优先权得分最高，该区块以茂密的红树林为主导。发现估计的CPZ与现有生物多样性分区高度一致。这项研究的结果可能为环境保护主义者，土地管理者，研究人员和决策者设计相关政策以保护Sundarbans生态系统的高价值提供参考。Integr环境评估管理2020； 16：773-787。©2020 SETAC