We conducted a study to decipher the mechanism of the formation of the large communal Leishmania amazonensis ‐containing parasitophorous vacuole (PV) and found that the macrophage microtubule (MT) network dynamically orchestrates the intracellular lifestyle of this intracellular parasite. Physical disassembly of the MT network of macrophage‐like RAW 264.7 cells or silencing of the dynein gene, encoding the MT‐associated molecular motor that powers MT‐dependent vacuolar movement, by siRNA resulted in most of the infected cells hosting only tight parasite‐containing phagosome‐like vacuoles randomly distributed throughout the cytoplasm, each insulating a single parasite. Only a minority of the infected cells hosted both isolated parasite‐containing phagosome‐like vacuoles and a small communal PV, insulating a maximum of two to three parasites. The tight parasite‐containing phagosome‐like vacuoles never matured, whereas the small PVs only matured to a small degree, shown by the absence or faint acquisition of host‐cell endolysosomal characteristics. As a consequence, the parasites were unable to successfully complete promastigote‐to‐amastigote differentiation and died, regardless of the type of insulation.

中文翻译：

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巨噬细胞微管网络在亚马逊利什曼原虫细胞内生活方式中的关键作用。

我们进行了一项研究，以破译含有大型公共利什曼原虫( Leishmania amazonensis)的寄生液泡 (PV)的形成机制，并发现巨噬细胞微管 (MT) 网络动态地协调了这种细胞内寄生虫的细胞内生活方式。巨噬细胞样 RAW 264.7 细胞的 MT 网络的物理分解或动力蛋白的沉默通过 siRNA 编码 MT 相关分子马达，为 MT 依赖性液泡运动提供动力，导致大多数受感染细胞仅含有紧密的含有寄生虫的吞噬体样液泡，该液泡随机分布在整个细胞质中，每个液泡都隔离单个寄生虫。只有少数受感染的细胞同时携带分离的含有寄生虫的吞噬体样液泡和一个小的公共 PV，最多可隔离两到三个寄生虫。含有紧密寄生虫的吞噬体样液泡从未成熟，而小的 PV 仅在很小的程度上成熟，表现为宿主细胞内溶酶体特征的缺失或微弱获得。因此，无论绝缘类型如何，寄生虫都无法成功完成前鞭毛体到鞭毛体的分化并死亡。