Natal dispersal affects the gene flow, distribution, dynamics and social structure of a population. In many solitary mammals, dispersal is often male-biased, while females may remain philopatric. For the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx), dispersal distances vary greatly and may be explained by sex or by habitat characteristics, such as fragmentation. Juvenile lynx habitat selection during dispersal has not been studied before, but resident lynx select heterogeneous forested habitats and avoid human settlements and infrastructure through distinct temporal activity patterns. We studied movement patterns and habitat selection during the dispersal of 22 Eurasian lynx (7 females, 15 males) in Finland. We found no differences between the sexes in the onset age, duration, distance, route or route linearity. Dispersal took place mostly during the evening and at night but also during the day. Of the four most used habitats, the mixed forests and transitional woodlands were used more frequently than would be expected according to their availability, and conifer forests and fields less than would be expected. Housing and other human infrastructure, including roads, were the least frequently used categories. There was a highly significant difference between the used and available habitats in general. The lynx selected the habitat more carefully during the day than during the night.

中文翻译：

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欧亚扩散过程中的运动模式和栖息地选择

纳塔尔扩散会影响人口的基因流动，分布，动态和社会结构。在许多单独的哺乳动物中，传播通常偏向男性，而雌性则可能保持亲音。对于欧亚山猫（Lynx lynx），传播距离差异很大，并且可以通过性别或栖息地特征（例如破碎）来解释。之前尚未研究过幼猫天猫栖息地的选择，但是常驻天猫猫选择异类森林栖息地，并通过不同的时间活动模式避免人类居住和基础设施。我们研究了在芬兰传播22头欧亚天猫（7雌15雄）的运动方式和栖息地选择。我们发现两性之间在发病年龄，持续时间，距离，路线或路线线性方面没有差异。分散主要发生在晚上和晚上，但白天也是如此。在四个最常用的栖息地中，混合森林和过渡林地的使用频率比根据其可用性的预期要高，针叶林和田地少于预期。住房和其他人类基础设施，包括道路，是最不常用的类别。一般而言，已使用和可利用的栖息地之间存在很大的差异。ly在白天比晚上更仔细地选择栖息地。