Fouling-resistant composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes of hydroxyl functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) ( $$_{\mathrm {{OH}}}\text {CNT}$$ OH CNT )/polysulphone (PSF)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and carboxylic acid functionalized MCNTs ( $$_{\mathrm {{COOH}}}\hbox {CNT}$$ COOH CNT )/PSF/PVP in weight ratios of 0.7/86.1/13.2 and 1.3/85.5/13.2 were prepared by phase inversion process from dimethylformamide solution. These membranes were characterized by infrared, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and water contact angle measurements. The molecular weight cut off values of these membranes were measured by permeating aqueous solutions of different molecular weight PEGs and dextrans. Among the fabricated UF membranes, $$_{\mathrm {{COOH}}}\text {C}_{{{1.3}}}\text {PS}_{{{85.5}}}\text {PV}_{{{13.2}}}$$ COOH C 1.3 PS 85.5 PV 13.2 composite membrane showed a lower average contact angle ( $$62^{\circ }$$ 62 ∘ ). The $$_{\mathrm {{COOH}}}\text {C}_{{{0.7}}}\text {PS}_{{{86.1}}}\text {PV}_{{{13.2}}}$$ COOH C 0.7 PS 86.1 PV 13.2 membrane exhibited higher flux (99 $$\hbox {l}~\hbox {m}^{-2}~\hbox {h}^{-1}$$ l m - 2 h - 1 ) than all the fabricated membranes (62–78 $$\hbox {l}~\hbox {m}^{-2}~\hbox {h}^{-1}$$ l m - 2 h - 1 ) at 2 bar pressure. The flux recovery ratio values for bovine serum albumin feed solution were in the range of 63–72% for $$_{\mathrm {{COOH}}}\hbox {CNTs}$$ COOH CNTs containing membranes and 53–64% for $$_{\mathrm {{OH}}}\text {CNTs}$$ OH CNTs membranes, whereas PSF/PVP blend membrane exhibited 45% at 2 bar applied pressure. The membranes containing 0.7 and 1.3 wt% carboxylic acid functionalized MCNTs showed 100% oil rejection when tested with an oil–water emulsion containing 1000 ppm lube oil. Conversely, membranes containing hydroxyl functionalized MCNTs showed relatively lower oil rejection (86–90%), whereas the PSF/PVP membrane showed 86% oil rejection.

中文翻译：

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羟基和羧酸功能化碳纳米管-聚砜纳米复合抗污染超滤膜的开发用于油水分离

羟基官能化多壁碳纳米管（MCNT）（$$_{\mathrm {{OH}}}\text {CNT}$$ OH CNT）/聚砜（PSF）/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的抗污染复合超滤（UF）膜(PVP) 和羧酸功能化的 MCNT（$$_{\mathrm {{COOH}}}\hbox {CNT}$$ COOH CNT ）/PSF/PVP，重量比为 0.7/86.1/13.2 和 1.3/85.5/13.2由二甲基甲酰胺溶液通过相转化法制备。这些膜的特征在于红外、扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、差示扫描量热法和水接触角测量。这些膜的分子量截断值是通过渗透不同分子量的 PEG 和葡聚糖的水溶液来测量的。在制造的超滤膜中，$$_{\mathrm {{COOH}}}\text {C}_{{{1.3}}}\text {PS}_{{{85. 5}}}\text {PV}_{{{{13.2}}}$$ COOH C 1.3 PS 85.5 PV 13.2 复合膜显示出较低的平均接触角（$$62^{\circ }$$ 62 ∘ ）。$$_{\mathrm {{COOH}}}\text {C}_{{{0.7}}}\text {PS}_{{{86.1}}}\text {PV}_{{{13.2} }}$$ COOH C 0.7 PS 86.1 PV 13.2 膜表现出更高的通量（99 $$\hbox {l}~\hbox {m}^{-2}~\hbox {h}^{-1}$$ lm - 2 h - 1 ) 比所有制造的膜 (62–78 $$\hbox {l}~\hbox {m}^{-2}~\hbox {h}^{-1}$$ lm - 2 h - 1) 在 2 巴压力下。对于含有膜的 $$_{\mathrm {{COOH}}}\hbox {CNTs}$$ COOH CNTs，牛血清白蛋白进料溶液的通量回收率值在 63–72% 的范围内，对于含有膜的 53–64% $$_{\mathrm {{OH}}}\text {CNTs}$$ OH CNTs 膜，而 PSF/PVP 混合膜在 2 bar 施加压力下表现出 45%。含有 0.7 和 1 的膜。当使用含有 1000 ppm 润滑油的油水乳液进行测试时，3 wt% 的羧酸官能化 MCNT 显示出 100% 的油排斥率。相反，含有羟基官能化 MCNT 的膜显示出相对较低的油截留率（86-90%），而 PSF/PVP 膜显示出 86% 的截油率。