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Targeting the Dimerization of the Main Protease of Coronaviruses: A Potential Broad-Spectrum Therapeutic Strategy.
ACS Combinatorial Science Pub Date : 2020-05-13 , DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.0c00058
Bhupesh Goyal 1 , Deepti Goyal 2
Affiliation  

A new coronavirus (CoV) caused a pandemic named COVID-19, which has become a global health care emergency in the present time. The virus is referred to as SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2) and has a genome similar (∼82%) to that of the previously known SARS-CoV (SARS coronavirus). An attractive therapeutic target for CoVs is the main protease (Mpro) or 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease (3CLpro), as this enzyme plays a key role in polyprotein processing and is active in a dimeric form. Further, Mpro is highly conserved among various CoVs, and a mutation in Mpro is often lethal to the virus. Thus, drugs targeting the Mpro enzyme significantly reduce the risk of mutation-mediated drug resistance and display broad-spectrum antiviral activity. The combinatorial design of peptide-based inhibitors targeting the dimerization of SARS-CoV Mpro represents a potential therapeutic strategy. In this regard, we have compiled the literature reports highlighting the effect of mutations and N-terminal deletion of residues of SARS-CoV Mpro on its dimerization and, thus, catalytic activity. We believe that the present review will stimulate research in this less explored yet quite significant area. The effect of the COVID-19 epidemic and the possibility of future CoV outbreaks strongly emphasize the urgent need for the design and development of potent antiviral agents against CoV infections.

中文翻译:

针对冠状病毒主要蛋白酶的二聚化:一种潜在的广谱治疗策略。

一种新型冠状病毒 (CoV) 引发了名为 COVID-19 的大流行,目前已成为全球卫生保健紧急情况。该病毒被称为 SARS-CoV-2(严重急性呼吸综合征-冠状病毒-2),其基因组与之前已知的 SARS-CoV(SARS 冠状病毒)相似(约 82%)。冠状病毒的一个有吸引力的治疗靶点是主要蛋白酶 (M pro ) 或 3-胰凝乳蛋白酶样半胱氨酸蛋白酶 (3CL pro ),因为这种酶在多蛋白加工中起着关键作用,并且以二聚体形式具有活性。此外,M pro在各种 CoV 中高度保守,M pro的突变通常对病毒是致命的。因此,针对 M pro酶的药物可显着降低突变介导的耐药性风险,并显示出广谱抗病毒活性。针对 SARS-CoV M pro二聚化的肽抑制剂的组合设计代表了一种潜在的治疗策略。在这方面,我们汇编了文献报告,强调了 SARS-CoV M pro残基的突变和 N 端缺失对其二聚化以及催化活性的影响。我们相信,本综述将刺激这一较少探索但相当重要的领域的研究。COVID-19 流行病的影响和未来 CoV 爆发的可能性强烈强调迫切需要设计和开发针对 CoV 感染的有效抗病毒药物。
更新日期:2020-05-13
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