Abstract Foods of animal origin are controlled for antibiotic and coccidiostat residues. The rapid residue detection is possible using reliable broad-spectrum screening tests. This study’s objective using four microbial inhibition tests for the detection and identification of antibiotic and coccidiostat residues in different foods of animal origin: Premi®Test, EXP Ampulle test, Milchtest and Screening Test for Antibiotic Residues (STAR). Four hundred and thirty (430) food samples (165 animal tissues, 152 raw cow’s milk and 113 eggs) were randomly collected and screened. Using the Premi®Test, 18 samples were positive and 6 samples dubious. Using the EXP Ampulle test, 31 samples were positive and 2 samples dubious. Using the Milchtest, 15 samples were positive and 12 samples dubious. Using the STAR, 65 samples were positive with 62 samples positive on plates specific for beta-lactams and sulphonamides, 4 samples on plates specific for aminoglycosides, 8 samples on plates specific for macrolides and beta-lactams; and 7 samples on the plates specific for tetracyclines. Retesting using penicillinase and para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) to confirm the presence of beta-lactams or sulphonamides all potentially positive tube test samples revealed 21 samples positive for beta-lactams and 27 samples positive for sulphonamides. Further testing of sulphonamide positive chicken samples revealed the positivity for coccidiostat salinomycin which was confirmed by testing with PABA, which counteracting salinomycin inhibition. Three hundred and sixty six (366) animal food samples were negative for antibiotic and coccidiostat residues. Microbial inhibition tests are preferred for initial antibiotic screening and have also proven useful for coccidiostat screening and post-screening. HIGHLIGHTS Foodstuffs of animal origin are subject to controls on antibiotic and coccidiostat residues. Microbial inhibition tests are still the preferred choice for the initial screening of antibiotic residues in food matrices and could become a useful tool for the screening of coccidiostat residues also. More specific post-screening analysis with PABA proved unexpectedly to be a reliable tool in the preliminary detection of coccidiostat residues in poultry meat and eggs.

中文翻译：

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通过可靠的广谱残留筛查试验有效筛查动物源性食品中的抗生素和抗球虫剂残留

摘要 动物源性食品的抗生素和抗球虫剂残留受到控制。使用可靠的广谱筛选测试可以实现快速残留检测。本研究的目标是使用四种微生物抑制试验来检测和鉴定不同动物源性食品中的抗生素和抗球虫药残留：Premi®Test、EXP Ampulle 试验、Milchtest 和抗生素残留筛选试验 (STAR)。随机收集并筛选了四百三十 (430) 个食品样品（165 个动物组织、152 个生牛奶和 113 个鸡蛋）。使用 Premi®Test，18 个样本呈阳性，6 个样本可疑。使用 EXP Ampulle 测试，31 个样本呈阳性，2 个样本可疑。使用 Milchtest，15 个样本为阳性，12 个样本为可疑。使用 STAR，65个样本呈阳性，其中62个样本在β-内酰胺类和磺胺类特异性培养皿中呈阳性，4个样本在氨基糖苷类特异性培养皿中呈阳性，8个样本在大环内酯类和β-内酰胺类特异性培养物中呈阳性；和 7 个四环素特异性样品。使用青霉素酶和对氨基苯甲酸 (PABA) 进行重新测试以确认存在 β-内酰胺或磺胺类药物，所有可能呈阳性的试管样品显示 21 个样品对 β-内酰胺类呈阳性，27 个样品对磺胺类呈阳性。对磺胺阳性鸡样本的进一步检测揭示了抑球虫盐霉素的阳性结果，这已通过 PABA 的检测得到证实，可抵消盐霉素的抑制作用。三百六十六 (366) 个动物食品样品中抗生素和抗球虫剂残留呈阴性。微生物抑制试验是初始抗生素筛选的首选，也已证明可用于抗球虫筛选和后筛选。亮点 动物源性食品受抗生素和抗球虫剂残留的控制。微生物抑制试验仍然是初步筛选食品基质中抗生素残留的首选方法，也可以成为筛选抗球虫剂残留的有用工具。使用 PABA 进行的更具体的筛选后分析出人意料地被证明是初步检测禽肉和鸡蛋中抗球虫剂残留的可靠工具。微生物抑制试验仍然是初步筛选食品基质中抗生素残留的首选方法，也可以成为筛选抗球虫剂残留的有用工具。使用 PABA 进行的更具体的筛选后分析出人意料地被证明是初步检测禽肉和鸡蛋中抗球虫剂残留的可靠工具。微生物抑制试验仍然是初步筛选食品基质中抗生素残留的首选方法，也可以成为筛选抗球虫剂残留的有用工具。使用 PABA 进行的更具体的筛选后分析出人意料地被证明是初步检测禽肉和鸡蛋中抗球虫剂残留的可靠工具。