Background: The prevalence of depression in men is significantly lower than women despite male suicide being higher. Therefore, improving the understanding and detection of depression in men is an important research and clinical aim.

Aims: To examine the prevalence of prototypic, externalising and mixed depressive symptoms and their relation to mental illness and suicide risk

Methods: Quantitative data were obtained through a survey of N = 1000 Canadian males (median age = 49.63 years, SD = 14.60). A range of validated scales were incorporated including the PHQ-9, K6, SBQ-R and MDRS.

Results: Using established cut-off scores, the proportions classified into distinct symptom groups were: not depressed (69%), prototypical (8%), mixed (12%) and externalising (11%). Risk of mental illness and suicidal risk was significantly elevated in all depressed groups. Compared to the not-depressed group, those experiencing only externalising symptoms and those with mixed symptomology were at significantly increased risk of mental illness as well current suicide risk.

Conclusion: These results highlight the clinical importance of considering a broad range of potential presentations of depression in men, all of which are associated with increased suicide risk.

背景：尽管男性自杀率较高，但男性的抑郁症患病率明显低于女性。因此，提高男性对抑郁症的认识和检测是重要的研究和临床目标。

目的：探讨原型，外在和混合性抑郁症状的患病率及其与精神疾病和自杀风险的关系

方法：通过对N  = 1000名加拿大男性（中位年龄= 49.63岁，SD  = 14.60）的调查获得定量数据。纳入了一系列有效的量表，包括PHQ-9，K6，SBQ-R和MDRS。

结果：使用既定的临界评分，分为不同症状组的比例是：未抑郁（69％），原型（8％），混合（12％）和外在性（11％）。所有抑郁症患者的精神疾病和自杀风险均显着升高。与未抑郁组相比，那些仅表现为外在症状的人和那些症状混合的人患精神疾病的风险以及当前自杀的风险显着增加。

结论：这些结果凸显了考虑广泛的男性抑郁症潜在临床表现的临床重要性，所有这些都与自杀风险增加有关。