End of vehicle streamlined head was selected as the installation location, and aerodynamic behavior of trains with and without braking plates was compared to analyze the formation of the braking force and the evolution of the flow field. An IDDES method based on the SST κ–ω turbulence model was used to investigate the unsteady flow, and the numerical algorithm was validated. Results show that the train aerodynamic drag was significantly increased by opening the braking plates, especially when several braking plates were arranged separately in series on each train car. Furthermore, the effect of the plate installed on the tail car was superior to that of the braking plate on the head car, when only a single braking plate was used. It was also found that both the maximum value of the slipstream and negative pressure close to the braking plate depend on the position and size of the braking plate. The flow field around the lower part of the train was only slightly affected by opening the braking plates, and pairs of vortices over the train appeared when the braking plates were opened, significantly affected both size and position of vortices in the train wake.

选择流线型车头的末端作为安装位置，并比较有无制动盘的列车的空气动力学性能，以分析制动力的形成和流场的演变。采用基于SST κ–ω湍流模型的IDDES方法研究了非定常流动，并验证了数值算法的有效性。结果表明，通过打开制动板可以显着增加火车的空气阻力，特别是当在每个火车车厢上分别串联布置多个制动板时。此外，当仅使用单个制动板时，安装在尾部轿厢上的板的效果优于在头部轿厢上的制动板的效果。还发现，滑流的最大值和靠近制动板的负压都取决于制动板的位置和尺寸。火车下部周围的流场仅受打开制动板的影响很小，而当制动板被打开时，火车上出现的成对的涡流会显着影响火车尾流中涡流的大小和位置。