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Restoring functionally diverse communities enhances invasion resistance in a freshwater wetland
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-13 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13419 Chaeho Byun 1 , Sylvie de Blois 1, 2 , Jacques Brisson 3
中文翻译：
恢复功能多样化的群落可增强淡水湿地的入侵抵抗力
更新日期：2020-05-13
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-13 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13419 Chaeho Byun 1 , Sylvie de Blois 1, 2 , Jacques Brisson 3
Affiliation
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- Understanding how plant communities reassemble is particularly relevant when invaders are part of the species pool and can compromise restoration or conservation goals. If initial species composition has a lasting impact on community dynamics, it may be possible to enhance biotic resistance to invasion, particularly through diversity effects, by manipulating early community composition. Diversity effects have been investigated much less in wetlands than in uplands.
- We conducted a large plant community restoration experiment in a freshwater wetland to investigate species and functional diversity effects on biotic resistance to invasion during early community assembly. The wetland was under propagule pressure mostly from Phragmites australis (common reed), but all species not sown in this experiment that established in the plots were treated as ‘invaders’, whether exotic or native. We used a two‐step model selection approach and a diversity‐interaction model framework to test hypotheses about the contribution to invasion success of abiotic conditions, species richness, as well as functional group richness, identity and pairwise interactions, providing a rare test of diversity effects against multiple invaders in wetlands.
- In all, 20 species invaded the plots. They were grouped for analysis to evaluate the overall resistance of resident communities. The three main invaders, P. australis and two native taxa (Salix spp., Populus deltoides), were also analysed separately. Diversity‐interaction models revealed invader‐specific responses. Functional group identity determined resistance to P. australis, whereas pairwise interactions between functional groups explained resistance to Salix spp. Both effects were retained when grouping all invaders. Resistance to P. deltoides was determined by abiotic conditions.
- The contribution of specific functional groups varied with invader. Annuals and clonal perennials explained resistance to P. australis, suggesting priority and limiting similarity effects. Interactions, when significant, mostly included fast‐growing annuals. When considering all invaders, identity effects were detected for all functional groups.
- Synthesis. Diversity effects on invasion resistance vary with invaders in early assembly of restored wetland communities. Restoring functionally diverse communities provides resistance against multiple invaders. Consistent responses between this field experiment and previous pot experiments with the same species suggest that results are robust enough to inform management.
中文翻译：
恢复功能多样化的群落可增强淡水湿地的入侵抵抗力
- 当入侵者是物种库的一部分时，了解植物群落如何重组特别重要，这可能会损害恢复或保护目标。如果初始物种组成对群落动态具有持久影响，则可以通过控制早期群落组成来增强生物对入侵的抵抗力，特别是通过多样性效应。在湿地研究的多样性影响远少于在高地。
- 我们在淡水湿地上进行了大型植物群落恢复实验，以调查物种和功能多样性对早期群落聚集期间生物对入侵的抗性的影响。湿地的繁殖压力主要来自南方芦苇（普通芦苇），但在该试验中未播种的所有物种（在田间建立）均被视为“入侵者”，无论是外来的还是本地的。我们使用了两步模型选择方法和多样性相互作用模型框架来测试关于非生物条件，物种丰富度以及功能基团丰富度，同一性和成对相互作用对入侵成功的贡献的假设，从而提供了罕见的多样性检验对湿地中的多个入侵者具有抗药性。
- 共有20种物种入侵了该地块。他们被分组进行分析，以评估居民社区的总体抵抗力。还分别分析了三个主要入侵者，澳大利亚假单胞菌和两个原生类群（柳属，Populus deltoides）。多样性相互作用模型揭示了入侵者特有的反应。官能团的同一性决定了对澳大利亚假单胞菌的抗性，而官能团之间的成对相互作用解释了对柳柳的抗性。将所有入侵者分组时，两种效果均得以保留。通过非生物条件确定对P. deltoide s的抗性。
- 特定官能团的贡献随入侵者而变化。年生和多年生无性系解释了对澳大利亚假单胞菌的抗性，表明其具有优先权并限制了相似性的影响。互动非常重要时，大多包括快速增长的年度报告。当考虑所有入侵者时，对所有功能组均检测到身份影响。
- 综合。在恢复的湿地社区的早期组装中，入侵者的多样性影响因入侵者而异。恢复功能多样化的社区可以抵抗多个入侵者。该田间试验与以前使用相同物种的盆栽试验之间的一致响应表明，结果足够强大，可以为管理提供依据。
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