The majority of batoids are listed as threatened (20.4%) or data deficient (41%) by the IUCN Red List. A key challenge to assessing data deficient species is obtaining estimates of key life history characteristics. Here, we apply a Bayesian approach to estimate derived life history characteristics from a growth model applied to the Data Deficient Brazilian electric ray Narcine brasiliensis. The age of 170 specimens (107 females, 63 males) were estimated from vertebral centra and total length, disc width, total weight, and birth size were used in a joint estimation of sex-specific length-weight models and two-dimensional von Bertalanffy growth models. Estimates of age at length zero, age at maturity, longevity, and mortality at age were derived simultaneously. The Bayesian joint modelling approach was robust to small sample sizes by adding a likelihood to constrain L0 and sharing parameters, such as Brody growth coefficient between length measurements. The median growth parameter estimates were a shared L0 = 38.8 mm, female L∞ = 515 mm, 𝑘 = 0.125 and male L∞ = 387 mm, 𝑘 = 0.194. Age at maturity was estimated to be 7.40-7.49 years for females and 4.45-4.47 years for males while longevity was 22.5-22.6 years for females and 14.2 years for males depending on length measurement. Age-1 natural mortality was estimated to be 0.199-0.207 for females and 0.211-0.213 for males. The derived life history characteristics indicate N. brasiliensis is earlier maturing, but slower growing relative to other batoids. These characteristics along with the species' endemism to Southern Brazil and high bycatch rates indicate that one of the IUCN Red List threatened categories may be more appropriate for the currently Data Deficient status. The Bayesian approach used for N. brasiliensis can prove useful for utilizing limited age-growth data in other Data Deficient batoid species to inform necessary life characteristics for conservation and management. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译：

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巴西电鳐 Narcine brasiliensis 的生长及衍生生活史特征

大多数 batoids 被 IUCN 红色名录列为受威胁 (20.4%) 或数据不足 (41%)。评估缺乏数据的物种的一个关键挑战是获得关键生活史特征的估计值。在这里，我们应用贝叶斯方法从应用于数据不足的巴西电射线 Narcine brasiliensis 的生长模型中估计派生的生活史特征。从椎体中央估计 170 个标本（107 名女性，63 名男性）的年龄，并使用总长度、椎间盘宽度、总重量和出生大小联合估计性别特定的长度-体重模型和二维 von Bertalanffy增长模型。同时推导出长度为零时的年龄、成熟时的年龄、寿命和死亡率的估计值。贝叶斯联合建模方法通过增加限制 L0 的可能性和共享参数（例如长度测量之间的布罗迪增长系数）对小样本量具有鲁棒性。中值生长参数估计值是共享的 L0 = 38.8 毫米，女性 L∞ = 515 毫米，𝑘 = 0.125 和男性 L∞ = 387 毫米，𝑘 = 0.194。根据长度测量，女性的成熟年龄估计为 7.40-7.49 岁，男性为 4.45-4.47 岁，而女性的寿命为 22.5-22.6 岁，男性为 14.2 岁。女性 1 岁自然死亡率估计为 0.199-0.207，男性为 0.211-0.213。衍生的生活史特征表明巴西猪笼草比其他蝙蝠类更早成熟，但生长速度较慢。这些特征与物种的 巴西南部的特有现象和高兼捕率表明 IUCN 红色名录中的受威胁类别之一可能更适合当前的数据缺乏状态。用于 N. brasiliensis 的贝叶斯方法可证明有助于利用其他数据不足的蝙蝠类物种中有限的年龄增长数据来为保护和管理提供必要的生命特征信息。本文受版权保护。版权所有。