Autochthonous cattle breeds are an important part of cultural heritage and reservoir of genetic diversity. Usually, such breeds have been selected over centuries and reflect adaptation to a specific local environment and human demands. However, owing to low effective population size in conjunction with increased inbreeding and genetic drift, many of these lineages are threatened with extinction. The Jochberger Hummel (‘Jochberger Bumblebee’) is such an endangered subtype of the Pinzgauer cattle originating from a single polled female calf. To evaluate the suspected uniqueness of this subtype and to assess whether it should be kept separate or managed together with the Pinzgauer cattle as one population, I examined the genetic diversity in a set of 844 cattle (Angus, Charolais, Holstein, Jochberger Hummel, Pinzgauer, Uckermaerker and Tux‐Zillertaler) using principal component and biogeographical ancestry analysis. The analysis showed that the Jochberger Hummel is still a distinct subtype of Pinzgauer cattle with less than 5% admixture and a low inbreeding coefficient.

中文翻译：

---

濒临灭绝的Pinzgauer牛亚种Jochberger Hummel具有遗传差异。

土生牛品种是文化遗产和遗传多样性的重要组成部分。通常，这些品种的选择已经有几个世纪了，它们反映了对特定当地环境和人类需求的适应性。然而，由于有效种群数量少，近亲繁殖和遗传漂移增加，许多这些世系面临灭绝的威胁。Jochberger Hummel（'Jochberger Bumblebee'）是Pinzgauer牛的一种濒临灭绝的亚型，起源于一只受调查的雌性小牛。为了评估该亚型的可疑独特性并评估是否应与Pinzgauer牛作为一个种群分开饲养或一起管理，我检查了844头牛（安格斯，夏洛来牛，荷尔斯泰因，约赫贝格·胡默尔，平兹高尔，Uckermaerker和Tux-Zillertaler）使用主要成分和生物地理血统分析。分析表明，Jochberger Hummel仍是Pinzgauer牛的一个独特亚型，其掺混物少于5％，并且近交系数低。