The ratio of the received power to the transmitting power (RPR) of a well-designed radar system is determined by the absorption and scattering of objects coming into contact with radar waves along its propagating path. In the atmospheric detection by weather radar systems, the RPR is mainly determined by the absorption and scattering of atmospheric particles. It is common that sand/dust aerosol particles can carry net charges on their surfaces. The effect of the net charges on the RPR of sand/dust particles is studied in this paper. It is found that the net charges could alter the RPR detecting sand/dust particles and this effect is dependent on the distance between the sand/dust particles and the receiver. When the radar ranging distance is short, the charges carried by particles make the RPR increase, and when the radar ranging distance is long, the charges carried by particles make the RPR decrease. For the case of 3km ranging distance, the charges carried by the sand/dust aerosol particles make the RPR of 2GHz radar enhance 40.4% of the RPR of the corresponding neutral sand/dust aerosol.

设计良好的雷达系统的接收功率与发射功率（RPR）之比取决于沿雷达传播路径与雷达波接触的物体的吸收和散射。在气象雷达系统进行大气探测中，RPR主要取决于大气颗粒的吸收和散射。沙尘气溶胶颗粒通常在其表面带有净电荷。本文研究了净电荷对沙尘颗粒RPR的影响。发现净电荷可能会改变RPR检测沙/尘埃颗粒，这种效果取决于沙/尘埃颗粒与接收器之间的距离。当雷达测距距离较短时，粒子携带的电荷会使RPR增加；当雷达测距距离较长时，粒子携带的电荷会使RPR减小。对于3 km的测距距离，沙尘气溶胶颗粒携带的电荷使2GHz雷达的RPR增强了相应中性沙尘气溶胶RPR的40.4％。