Community-based approaches to forest management and governance promised that transferred responsibilities to forest communities would create the conditions to achieve better conservation and a sustainable use of forest ecosystems, as well as social well-being and poverty reduction for the communities. This article examines the limitations of these approaches in contexts of ambiguous collective property rights and protracted inter-community socio-territorial conflicts, pointing to the responsibilization mechanisms that emerge and their consequences. Using institutional records, media coverage documents, and observations from ethnographic research in the Southern Sierra of Oaxaca, Mexico, we look at the contemporary forms of responsibilization of local communities for their ‘well-being’, and explore the effects of such responsibilization in contexts where enforcement of collective property rights is weak, and people's access to natural resources and territories is limited by different government practice intended to “solve conflicts.” Drawing from post-structural political ecology and peace and conflict studies, we argue that governmental intervention in socio-territorial conflicts, mechanisms of responsibilization, and state re-territorialization are paradoxically intertwined in ways that hinder the collaborative features and natural-resource-management capabilities that community-based approaches ostensibly support. Four main practices sustain these mechanisms, (1) channeling disputants to sluggish and legalistic trials; (2) offering monetary compensation as the sole incentive to induce land-tenure settlement; (3) creating and perpetuating “gray” areas where community use of natural resources is restricted; and (4) dealing with weak enforcement of conflict-settlement agreements and collective property rights.

中文翻译：

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责任化和国家领土化：管理墨西哥社区林业中的社会领土冲突

以社区为基础的森林管理和治理方法承诺，将责任转移给森林社区将为更好地保护和可持续利用森林生态系统以及社区的社会福祉和减贫创造条件。本文研究了这些方法在模糊的集体产权和旷日持久的社区间社会-领土冲突的背景下的局限性，指出了出现的责任机制及其后果。使用机构记录、媒体报道文件和墨西哥瓦哈卡南部山脉的民族志研究观察，我们研究了当地社区对其“福祉”的当代责任化形式，并探讨在集体产权执行不力、人们获得自然资源和领土受到旨在“解决冲突”的不同政府实践的限制的情况下，这种责任化的影响。借鉴后结构政治生态学和和平与冲突研究，我们认为政府对社会领土冲突的干预、责任化机制和国家重新领土化以阻碍协作特征和自然资源管理能力的方式自相矛盾地交织在一起基于社区的方法表面上是支持的。四种主要做法支持这些机制，(1) 将争论者引向缓慢和合法的审判；（二）以货币补偿为唯一诱因促成土地使用权安置的；(3) 创造和延续限制社区使用自然资源的“灰色”区域；(4) 处理冲突解决协议和集体财产权执行不力的问题。