Abstract This paper studies the ice-structure interaction process on a wide, inclined, offshore structure in shallow water. In such a process, the ice rubble pile that forms in front of the structure may reach the seabed, or in other words, the rubble pile may ground. A grounded rubble pile is often assumed to protect the structure from high peak ice loads. The study is based on two-dimensional combined finite-discrete element method simulations and it focuses on the effect of water depth and ice thickness on peak ice load magnitudes. In order to obtain a better understanding of the physical phenomena behind the peak ice load events in shallow water, we analyse the probability of rubble pile grounding, the rubble pile geometries, and the load transmission from the intact ice sheet to the structure through the ice rubble pile. We also discuss the parameter effects and the probability and severity of ice encroachment in shallow and deep water. Our simulations suggest that an interaction process in shallow water may lead to higher peak ice load magnitudes than an interaction process in deep water. This is at least the case when there is no pre-existing, partially consolidated ice rubble pile in front of the structure. We also observed that the ice thickness influences the probability of rubble pile grounding: For a given ice thickness to water depth ratio, thin ice appears to ground with higher probability than thick ice.

中文翻译：

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浅水冰结构相互作用的数值实验

摘要 本文研究了浅水宽阔、倾斜的近海结构上的冰-结构相互作用过程。在这样的过程中，在结构物前面形成的冰碎石堆可能到达海床，或者换言之，碎石堆可能被搁浅。通常假设接地的碎石堆可以保护结构免受高峰值冰荷载的影响。该研究基于二维组合有限离散元方法模拟，重点研究水深和冰厚对峰值冰荷载大小的影响。为了更好地了解浅水中冰荷载峰值事件背后的物理现象，我们分析了碎石堆接地的概率、碎石堆的几何形状以及从完整冰盖通过冰层传递到结构的荷载。瓦砾堆。我们还讨论了参数影响以及浅水和深水中冰侵蚀的概率和严重程度。我们的模拟表明，与深水中的相互作用过程相比，浅水中的相互作用过程可能导致更高的峰值冰荷载量级。至少在结构前面没有预先存在的、部分固结的冰碎石堆时是这样。我们还观察到冰厚影响碎石堆搁浅的概率：对于给定的冰厚与水深比，薄冰似乎比厚冰更容易搁浅。至少在结构前面没有预先存在的、部分固结的冰碎石堆时是这样。我们还观察到冰厚影响碎石堆搁浅的概率：对于给定的冰厚与水深比，薄冰似乎比厚冰更容易搁浅。至少在结构前面没有预先存在的、部分固结的冰碎石堆时是这样。我们还观察到冰厚影响碎石堆搁浅的概率：对于给定的冰厚与水深比，薄冰似乎比厚冰更容易搁浅。