Clostridium perfringens is a globally recognized zoonotic pathogen. We report isolation and genotyping of C. perfringens from neonatal calves, dairy workers and their associated environment in India. A total of 103 fecal samples from neonatal calves, 25 stool swabs from the dairy workers and 50 samples from their associated environment were collected from two dairy farms. C. perfringens was detected in 26 out of 103 (25.2%) neonatal calf samples, 7 out of 25 (28%) human stool samples and 17 out of 50 (34%) environmental samples. C. perfringens type A strains were predominant in neonatal calves (24/26; 92.3%) and associated environment (15/17; 88.2%). In contrast, strains from dairy workers mostly belonged to type F (5/7; 71.4%), which also carried the beta2 toxin gene. Seventeen strains were analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) for studying genotypic relationship along with 188 C. perfringens strains available from public databases. A total of 112 sequence types (STs) were identified from 205 C. perfringens strains analyzed. A Clonal complex (CC) represented by three STs (ST 98, ST 41 and ST 110) representing predominantly type F (18/20 strains) were mostly associated with human illnesses. Among predominant STs, ST 54 was associated with enteritis cases in foals and dogs and ST 58 associated with necrotic enteritis in poultry. Seventeen Indian strains were assigned to 13 STs. Genetic relatedness among strains of calves, dairy worker and associated environments indicate inter-host transfers and zoonotic spreads.

产气荚膜梭菌是一种全球公认的人畜共患病原体。我们报告了印度新生牛犊，乳制品工人及其相关环境中产气荚膜梭菌的分离和基因分型。从两个奶牛场收集了总共103头来自新生牛犊的粪便样本，25头来自乳业工人的粪便拭子和50头来自相关环境的样本。在103例（25.2％）新生儿小牛样本中检测到产气荚膜梭菌，25例（28％）人粪便样本中的7例和50例（34％）环境样本中的17例。产气荚膜梭菌新生儿犊牛（24/26； 92.3％）和相关环境（15/17； 88.2％）中主要是A型毒株。相比之下，来自乳业工人的菌株大部分属于F型（5/7； 71.4％），该菌株也带有beta2毒素基因。通过多基因座序列分型（MLST）分析了十七个菌株，以研究基因型关系，以及从公共数据库获得的188个产气荚膜梭菌菌株。从205个产气荚膜梭菌鉴定出总共112种序列类型（ST）菌株进行了分析。由三个主要代表F型（18/20株）的ST（ST 98，ST 41和ST 110）代表的克隆复合体（CC）大多与人类疾病相关。在主要的STs中，ST 54与驹和狗的肠炎有关，ST 58与家禽的坏死性肠炎有关。17个印度菌株被分配给13个ST。犊牛，乳业工人和相关环境之间的遗传相关性表明宿主之间的转移和人畜共患病传播。