The embedded cantilever retaining walls are often required for excavation to construct the underground facilities. Significant numbers of numerical and experimental studies have been performed to understand the behavior of embedded cantilever retaining walls under static condition. However, very limited studies have been conducted on the behavior of embedded retaining walls under seismic condition. In this paper, the behavior of a small scale model embedded cantilever retaining wall in dry and saturated sand under seismic loading condition is investigated by shake table tests in the laboratory and numerically using software FLAC2D. The embedded cantilever walls are subjected to sinusoidal dynamic motions. The behaviors of the cantilever walls in terms of lateral displacement and bending moment are studied with the variation of the two important design parameters, peak amplitude of the base motions and excavation depth. The variation of the pore water pressures within the sand is also observed in the cases of saturated sand. The maximum lateral displacement of a cantilever wall due to seismic loading is below 1% of the total height of the wall in dry sand, but in case of saturated sand, it can go up to 12.75% of the total height of the wall.

中文翻译：

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干湿饱和砂土中悬臂墙的抗震性能

开挖通常需要使用嵌入式悬臂挡土墙来建造地下设施。为了理解嵌入式悬臂式挡土墙在静态条件下的行为，已经进行了大量的数值和实验研究。但是，关于嵌入式挡土墙在地震条件下的性能进行的研究非常有限。本文通过实验室振动台试验并使用软件FLAC2D数值研究了在地震荷载作用下干和饱和砂土中小模型嵌入式悬臂挡土墙的性能。嵌入的悬臂壁经受正弦动态运动。研究了悬臂墙在侧向位移和弯矩方面的行为，并随着两个重要设计参数（基础运动的峰值振幅和开挖深度）的变化而变化。在饱和沙子的情况下，还可以观察到沙子中孔隙水压力的变化。悬臂墙在地震作用下的最大侧向位移在干砂中小于墙总高度的1％，但在饱和砂的情况下，它可能上升到墙总高度的12.75％。