Little attention has been paid to indigenous plum accessions and their distribution in many parts of Iran despite their importance as genetic resources and sources of germplasm. In this study, we used morphological and pomological characteristics to elucidate the phenotypic diversity of 79 autochthonous plum (Prunus domestica L.) accessions. Significant differences were observed among the accessions based on all of the studied characters. Fruits ripened from 23 July to 22 September. Fruit skin color ranged from yellow to black, with the predominant skin color being black. Fruit weight ranged from 4.97 to 42.19 g (average 17.23 g). Fruit flesh thickness varied from 5.70 to 17.16 mm. Fruit weight showed significant and positive correlations with leaf and fruit dimensions, and a negatively significant correlation with tendency to suckering. Principal component analysis showed that fruit-related characters were the most effective traits for differentiating the studied accessions. The Ward dendrogram revealed the similarities and dissimilarities among the accessions with identifying two major clusters. In terms of productive traits and fruit quality, the fruits of some accessions can be used for processing and drying and those of others can be freshly consumed. Finally, the results of this study provide information on the morphological and pomological characteristics of indigenous plum accessions that could be used in the conservation and management of this valuable genetic resource and also applied in plum breeding programs.

中文翻译：

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基于形态学和果树学特征的优质李子（Prunusdomestica L.）种质选择

尽管当地李子作为遗传资源和种质来源很重要，但很少有人关注它们在伊朗许多地区的种植和分布。在这项研究中，我们使用形态学和果树学特征来阐明 79 个本地李子 (Prunusdomestica L.) 种质的表型多样性。基于所有研究的性状，在种质之间观察到显着差异。果实成熟期为 7 月 23 日至 9 月 22 日。果皮颜色从黄色到黑色不等，以黑色为主。单果重 4.97 至 42.19 克（平均 17.23 克）。果肉厚度从 5.70 到 17.16 毫米不等。果实重量与叶片和果实尺寸呈显着正相关，与吸吮倾向呈负显着相关。主成分分析表明，果实相关性状是区分所研究种质的最有效性状。Ward 树状图揭示了种质之间的相似性和不同之处，并确定了两个主要集群。在生产性状和果实品质方面，有些品种的果实可用于加工干燥，有些品种的果实可鲜食。最后，本研究的结果提供了有关本地李子品种的形态学和果树学特征的信息，这些信息可用于保护和管理这一宝贵遗传资源，也可应用于李子育种计划。Ward 树状图揭示了种质之间的相似性和不同之处，并确定了两个主要集群。在生产性状和果实品质方面，有些品种的果实可用于加工干燥，有些品种的果实可鲜食。最后，本研究的结果提供了有关本地李子品种的形态学和果树学特征的信息，这些信息可用于保护和管理这一宝贵遗传资源，也可应用于李子育种计划。Ward 树状图揭示了种质之间的相似性和不同之处，并确定了两个主要集群。在生产性状和果实品质方面，部分种质的果实可用于加工和干燥，而另一些种质的果实可新鲜食用。最后，本研究的结果提供了有关本地李子品种的形态学和果树学特征的信息，这些信息可用于保护和管理这一宝贵遗传资源，也可应用于李子育种计划。