The mountainous inland of northern Calabria (Southern Italy) is known for its sparse prehistoric human occupation. Nevertheless, a thorough multidisciplinary approach of field walking, geophysical survey and invasive research led to the discovery of a major archaeological archive. This archive concerns a rich multi-phased dump, spanning about 3000 years (Late Neolithic to Late Imperial Roman Age) and holding two Somma-Vesuvius tephra. Of these, the younger is a distinct layer of juvenile tephra from the Pompeii eruption, while the older concerns reworked tephra from the Bronze Age AP2 eruption (ca. 1700 cal. yr BP). The large dump contains abundant ceramics, faunal remains and charcoal, and most probably originated through long-continued deposition of waste in a former gully like system of depressions. This resulted in an inversed, mound-like relief, whose anthropogenic origin had not been recognized in earlier research. The tephras were found to be important markers that support the reconstruction of the occupational history of the site. The sequence of occupational phases is very similar to that observed in a recent palaeoecological study from nearby situated former lakes (Lago Forano/Fontana Manca). This suggests that this sequence reflects the more regional occupational history of Calabria, which goes back to ca. 3000 BC. Attention is paid to the potential link between this history and Holocene climatic phases, for which no indication was found. The history deviates strongly from histories deduced from the few, but major palaeorecords elsewhere in the inlands of Southern Italy (Lago Grande di Monticchio and Lago Trifoglietti). We conclude that major regional variation occurred in prehistoric land use and its impacts on the vegetation cover of Southern Italy, and studies of additional palaeoarchives are needed to unravel this complex history. Finally, shortcomings of archaeological predictive models are discussed and the advantages of truly integrated multidisciplinary research.

中文翻译：

---

对卡拉布里亚（意大利）内陆山区特殊史前垃圾场的多学科研究：对意大利南部史前土地利用和植被重建的影响

卡拉布里亚北部（意大利南部）的山区内陆以其稀少的史前人类活动而闻名。尽管如此，通过实地考察、地球物理调查和侵入性研究的全面多学科方法，还是发现了一个重要的考古档案。这个档案涉及一个丰富的多阶段垃圾场，跨越大约 3000 年（新石器时代晚期到罗马帝国晚期），并保存着两个 Somma-Vesuvius tephra。其中，较年轻的是庞贝火山喷发的一层独特的幼年火山灰，而较老的则是重新加工了青铜时代 AP2 喷发（约 1700 cal. yr BP）的火山灰。大型垃圾场包含丰富的陶瓷、动物遗骸和木炭，很可能起源于废物长期持续沉积在一个前沟壑状的洼地系统中。这导致了相反的，类似土墩的浮雕，其人为起源在早期的研究中并未得到确认。火山灰被发现是支持重建遗址职业历史的重要标志。职业阶段的顺序与最近在附近的前湖泊（Lago Forano/Fontana Manca）进行的古生态研究中观察到的非常相似。这表明这个序列反映了卡拉布里亚更区域性的职业历史，可以追溯到大约。公元前 3000 年。人们注意到这段历史与全新世气候阶段之间的潜在联系，但没有发现任何迹象。历史与从意大利南部内陆其他地方（Lago Grande di Monticchio 和 Lago Trifoglietti）的少数但主要的古记录推断出来的历史大相径庭。我们得出的结论是，史前土地利用发生了重大的区域变化及其对意大利南部植被覆盖的影响，需要对额外的古档案进行研究来解开这一复杂的历史。最后，讨论了考古预测模型的缺点以及真正整合多学科研究的优势。