Conducting multi-faceted biodiversity assessments can provide a comprehensive vision of the organization of ecological communities over space and time. In this study, the spatio-temporal species diversity and α and β functional diversity of lizard assemblages were evaluated in four vegetation types over a two-season annual cycle. Additionally, site structural elements including vegetation, soil and environmental variables were characterized and related to the composition of lizard species. Both species diversity and functional diversity varied through space and time but followed different trends. Species diversity was higher in lowland vegetation types, characterized by greater tree canopy coverage (%) as well as higher temperature and humidity conditions, while species richness, evenness and functional divergence showed distinct trends. Similarly, seasonal differences were observed in species and functional diversity: the rainy season had greater species diversity, while functional diversity was higher during the dry season. Also, species β-diversity between vegetation types was characterized by turnover; while nestedness was the main component of functional β-diversity. Seasonally, there was no turnover in species or functional diversity. We conclude that vegetation type is the primary determinant of lizard diversity. However, the functional redundancy observed in lizard communities explains the opposite tendencies found between species and functional diversity at α and β levels.

中文翻译：

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蜥蜴物种和功能多样性的时空差异

进行多方面的生物多样性评估可以提供关于空间和时间上的生态社区组织的全面视野。在这项研究中，时空物种多样性以及α和β在两个季节的年度周期内，对四种植被类型的蜥蜴组合的功能多样性进行了评估。此外，对包括植被，土壤和环境变量在内的站点结构要素进行了表征，并与蜥蜴物种的组成有关。物种多样性和功能多样性都随空间和时间而变化，但遵循不同的趋势。低地植被类型的物种多样性较高，其特征是树冠覆盖率（％）以及较高的温度和湿度条件，而物种丰富性，均匀性和功能性多样性则表现出明显的趋势。同样，在物种和功能多样性方面观察到季节性差异：雨季具有更大的物种多样性，而旱季则具有更高的功能多样性。还有，种植被类型之间的β-多样性以周转为特征。嵌套是功能性β多样性的主要组成部分。季节性上，没有物种或功能多样性的更新。我们得出结论，植被类型是蜥蜴多样性的主要决定因素。然而，在蜥蜴群落中观察到的功能冗余解释了在α和β水平上物种与功能多样性之间发现的相反趋势。