ABSTRACT The subgenus Mantidactylus is a group of frogs endemic to Madagascar, including the largest anuran species on the island. Although these frogs are common and widely distributed, their taxonomy remains unclear. Two species are currently recognised, M. grandidieri and M. guttulatus, with another available name, Rana pigra, considered to be a synonym of M. grandidieri. However, molecular studies have suggested the presence of several cryptic species within the group. Additionally, due to the lack of prominent morphological features, allocating the available names to evolutionary lineages has proven challenging. In the present study, we take a first step towards solving these problems by using fragments of the 16S mitochondrial gene and RAG1 nuclear gene from all over the range of the subgenus to describe its genetic diversity. We also use a newly designed target enrichment laboratory protocol to sequence three mitochondrial fragments from five name-holding museum specimens (as old as 120 years) in order to determine to which lineages the existing names should be applied. The study of the 16S mitochondrial gene revealed 7 geographically separated lineages, distinct enough to be considered candidate species. Out of the five museum specimens analysed, four successfully yielded DNA sequences and could be attributed to one of the aforementioned lineages. Therefore, the name Mantidactylus grandidieri should be applied to the populations from North-Eastern Madagascar, while M. guttulatus refers to populations from inland localities along the Eastern coast of the island. On the other hand, the holotype of Rana pigra did not yield enough genetic material to allow definitive identification. While our data were not sufficient to assess the status of the four lineages distributed along the Eastern coast, the populations from North-Western Madagascar were highly distinct on both the mitochondrial and nuclear markers. We thus describe them as a new species, M. radaka sp. nov. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1EDDAF0D-FE37-490A-B09E-E136A0C5CB35

中文翻译：

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来自历史类型材料的目标富集 DNA 测序使马达加斯加巨型河蛙（螳螂属）的部分修订成为可能

摘要 Mantidactylus 亚属是马达加斯加特有的一组蛙类，包括岛上最大的无尾类。尽管这些青蛙很常见且分布广泛，但它们的分类仍不清楚。目前已确认两个物种，M. grandidieri 和 M. guttulatus，还有另一个可用名称 Ranapigra，被认为是 M. grandidieri 的同义词。然而，分子研究表明该群体中存在几种神秘物种。此外，由于缺乏突出的形态特征，将可用名称分配给进化谱系已被证明具有挑战性。在本研究中，我们通过使用来自整个亚属范围内的 16S 线粒体基因和 RAG1 核基因的片段来描述其遗传多样性，从而迈出了解决这些问题的第一步。我们还使用新设计的目标富集实验室协议对来自五个持有名称的博物馆标本（长达 120 年）的三个线粒体片段进行测序，以确定应将现有名称应用于哪些谱系。对 16S 线粒体基因的研究揭示了 7 个地理上分离的谱系，它们的差异足以被视为候选物种。在分析的五个博物馆标本中，四个成功地产生了 DNA 序列，可以归因于上述谱系之一。因此，名称 Mantidactylus grandidieri 应适用于马达加斯加东北部的种群，而 M. guttulatus 指的是来自该岛东海岸内陆地区的种群。另一方面，猪蛙的正模没有产生足够的遗传物质来进行明确的鉴定。虽然我们的数据不足以评估沿东海岸分布的四个谱系的状态，但马达加斯加西北部的种群在线粒体和核标记上都非常不同。因此，我们将它们描述为一个新物种 M. radaka sp。十一月 http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1EDDAF0D-FE37-490A-B09E-E136A0C5CB35