In this research work, a design of different Microwave Components for the proposed beam steering-switching array is presented. In order to achieve beam steering, two different schemes namely Beam Steering Array using Hybrid Directional Coupler and Beam Steering Array using Switched Line Phase Shifters are proposed for improvement of performance parameters like Directivity, Side Lobe Level, Beam-width, number of Maxima directions and Bandwidth. These planar microwave components are designed for 5G, S-band applications. A design procedure is derived in detail for E-Shape single element slot antenna, Wilkinson Power Divider, Hybrid Directional Coupler, Loaded Line Phase Shifter and Switched Line Phase Shifter around 3.6 GHz with necessary simulation results. For the design of beam steering array, the E-shape slot antenna is utilized with line feed and quarter-wave transformer for impedance matching. Compared to normal patch, slot antenna parameters are improved with Return Loss (S11) is −26.32 dB, VSWR is 1.08 and Directivity is 7.6 dBi at 3.6 GHz and 7.39 dBi at 2.4 GHz. Hybrid Directional Coupler parameters are, S11 is −20.83 dB, S21 is −3.39 dB, S31 is −3.56 dB and S41 is −23.78 dB. Performance parameters of Wilkinson Power Divider are, S11 is −28.65 dB, S21 is −3.46 dB and S31 is −3.46 dB. To apply phase shift for array elements, Loaded Line and Switched Line Phase Shifters using PIN diodes (MA4SPS402) are designed. For Loaded Line Phase shifter, phase of S21 with phase shifter is −53.03° and without phase shifter is −23.72°. For Switched Line Phase shifter, phase of S21 with phase shifter is 139.49° and without phase shifter is 47.03°.

在这项研究工作中，提出了一种针对所提出的光束转向切换阵列的不同微波组件的设计。为了实现波束控制，提出了两种不同的方案，即使用混合定向耦合器的波束控制阵列和使用开关线移相器的波束控制阵列，以提高方向性、旁瓣电平、波束宽度、最大方向数和带宽。这些平面微波组件专为 5G、S 波段应用而设计。详细推导了 E-Shape 单晶缝隙天线、Wilkinson 功分器、混合定向耦合器、负载线移相器和开关线移相器在 3.6 GHz 附近的详细设计过程，并提供了必要的仿真结​​果。对于波束控制阵列的设计，E型缝隙天线配合线路馈电和四分之一波变压器进行阻抗匹配。与普通贴片相比，缝隙天线参数得到改善，回波损耗 (S11) 为 -26.32 dB，VSWR 为 1.08，方向性在 3.6 GHz 时为 7.6 dBi，在 2.4 GHz 时为 7.39 dBi。混合定向耦合器参数为，S11 为 -20.83 dB，S21 为 -3.39 dB，S31 为 -3.56 dB，S41 为 -23.78 dB。Wilkinson 功分器的性能参数为，S11 为 -28.65 dB，S21 为 -3.46 dB，S31 为 -3.46 dB。为了对阵列元素应用相移，设计了使用 PIN 二极管 (MA4SPS402) 的负载线和开关线移相器。对于负载线移相器，带移相器的 S21 的相位为 -53.03°，不带移相器的相位为 -23.72°。对于 Switched Line 移相器，带移相器的 S21 的相位为 139.49°，不带移相器的相位为 47。