ABSTRACT

Olive pulp (OP) has been found to be a highly nutritious, low-cost feeding source and potential alternative feed ingredients in poultry nutrition. Gamma irradiation (GI) can be used to breakdown the lignocellulose and hemicellulose contents of OP in order to reduce its high fiber content. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of GI (20 kGy) on nutrient composition, digestibility, fatty acids (FA) and total phenols content (TPC) of OP as well as the impact of feeding OP (0, 50 and 100 g.Kg⁻¹ diet), either irradiated or not, on quail growth performance, blood indices and immune response. To achieve these objectives, 720 one-day-old Japanese quail chicks were allotted randomly to six experimental groups (8 replications of 15 chicks each). Results reveal that GI increased TPC of OP and decreased crude fiber (CF) content, while, trivial increase in total saturated FA (ΣSFAs) and decrease in total unsaturated FA (ΣUFAs) and UFAs/SFAs ratio were observed in IOP. The incorporation of 5% of OP or IOP recorded the highest values of LBW and DBWG and the lowest values of DFI and FCR followed by 10% OP. None of the digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, CP, EE, CF and NFE were affected by feeding OP or IOP except CF, which appears lower in birds fed both levels of OP and higher as influenced by GI. No alternations were observed in serum levels of total protein, albumin, liver enzymes, uric acid, creatinine and lipid constituents of birds fed diet containing OP or IOP except low-density lipoprotein which was lowered. Serum malondialdehyde was decreased in birds fed OP and IOP, while, serum glutathione reduced and glutathione reductase were insignificantly affected. A significant effect on the humoral immune response was found in treated quails where antibody titer against sheep erythrocytes was elevated. In conclusion, OP or IOP could be used in quail diets up to 10% to improve growth performance, antioxidant status and immune response without any deleterious effects on liver and renal function as well as nutrient digestibility.

摘要

橄榄果肉 (OP) 已被发现是一种高营养、低成本的饲料来源，是家禽营养中潜在的替代饲料成分。伽马辐照 (GI) 可用于分解 OP 的木质纤维素和半纤维素含量，以降低其高纤维含量。本研究旨在评估 GI (20 kGy) 对 OP 的营养成分、消化率、脂肪酸 (FA) 和总酚含量 (TPC) 的影响以及饲喂 OP (0、50 和 100 g.Kg) 的影响^-1饮食），无论辐照与否，对鹌鹑生长性能、血液指数和免疫反应的影响。为了实现这些目标，720 只一天大的日本鹌鹑小鸡被随机分配到六个实验组（每组 15 只小鸡重复 8 次）。结果表明，GI增加了OP的TPC并降低了粗纤维（CF）含量，而在IOP中观察到总饱和FA（ΣSFA）和总不饱和FA（ΣUFA）和UFAs / SFA比率的轻微增加。5% OP 或 IOP 的 LBW 和 DBWG 的值最高，DFI 和 FCR 的值最低，其次是 10% OP。除 CF 外，DM、OM、CP、EE、CF 和 NFE 的消化系数均不受饲喂 OP 或 IOP 的影响，CF 在饲喂 OP 水平的鸡只中较低，而受 GI 影响较高。饲喂含OP或IOP日粮的鸡只血清总蛋白、白蛋白、肝酶、尿酸、肌酐和脂质成分水平没有变化，但低密度脂蛋白降低。饲喂OP和IOP的鸡只血清丙二醛降低，而血清谷胱甘肽降低和谷胱甘肽还原酶的影响不显着。在处理过的鹌鹑中发现了对体液免疫反应的显着影响，其中针对绵羊红细胞的抗体滴度升高。总之，OP 或 IOP 可用于鹌鹑日粮中高达 10%，以提高生长性能、抗氧化状态和免疫反应，而不会对肝肾功能以及营养消化率产生任何有害影响。饲喂含有 OP 或 IOP 的鸡只的肌酐和脂质成分，但低密度脂蛋白降低。饲喂OP和IOP的鸡只血清丙二醛降低，而血清谷胱甘肽降低和谷胱甘肽还原酶的影响不显着。在处理过的鹌鹑中发现了对体液免疫反应的显着影响，其中针对绵羊红细胞的抗体滴度升高。总之，OP 或 IOP 可用于鹌鹑日粮中高达 10%，以提高生长性能、抗氧化状态和免疫反应，而不会对肝肾功能以及营养消化率产生任何有害影响。饲喂含有 OP 或 IOP 的鸡只的肌酐和脂质成分，但低密度脂蛋白降低。饲喂OP和IOP的鸡只血清丙二醛降低，而血清谷胱甘肽降低和谷胱甘肽还原酶的影响不显着。在处理过的鹌鹑中发现了对体液免疫反应的显着影响，其中针对绵羊红细胞的抗体滴度升高。总之，OP 或 IOP 可用于鹌鹑日粮中高达 10%，以提高生长性能、抗氧化状态和免疫反应，而不会对肝肾功能以及营养消化率产生任何有害影响。在处理过的鹌鹑中发现了对体液免疫反应的显着影响，其中针对绵羊红细胞的抗体滴度升高。总之，OP 或 IOP 可用于鹌鹑日粮中高达 10%，以提高生长性能、抗氧化状态和免疫反应，而不会对肝肾功能以及营养消化率产生任何有害影响。在处理过的鹌鹑中发现了对体液免疫反应的显着影响，其中针对绵羊红细胞的抗体滴度升高。总之，OP 或 IOP 可用于鹌鹑日粮中高达 10%，以提高生长性能、抗氧化状态和免疫反应，而不会对肝肾功能以及营养消化率产生任何有害影响。