Abstract

Cattle plays a very important role in agriculture and food security in Algeria. In the present study, the genetic diversity and structure of Algerian indigenous cattle populations were evaluated by microsatellite markers. A total of 138 individuals belonging to four cattle breed populations were characterized using 22 microsatellite markers. A total of 360 alleles was detected across studied all loci. Results obtained for the mean number of alleles (16.36), expected heterozygosity (0.84) and polymorphic information content (0.82) indicated that the total analyzed populations are characterized by noticeable genetic variability. It can be said that there is a low genetic differentiation in the cattle populations studied considering obtained mean F_ST value (0.039). It was revealed 97.10% of the total genetic variation can be explained by genetic differences among individuals while 2.90% among populations. The structure, factorial correspondence analysis results and dendrogram showed that cattle populations studied are clustered in three groups. The present study has revealed an important knowledge about the genetic diversity and the relationship between some native cattle breeds raised in Algeria. The results showed that the breeds studied have a high genetic diversity. Moreover, it can be said that microsatellite markers used can be successfully used to determine genetic diversity and population structure in Algerian cattle breeds.

摘要

牛在阿尔及利亚的农业和粮食安全中发挥着非常重要的作用。在本研究中，阿尔及利亚本土牛群的遗传多样性和结构通过微卫星标记进行了评估。使用 22 个微卫星标记对属于四个牛品种种群的总共 138 个个体进行了表征。在研究的所有基因座中检测到总共 360 个等位基因。获得的等位基因平均数 (16.36)、预期杂合性 (0.84) 和多态性信息含量 (0.82) 的结果表明，分析的总种群具有显着的遗传变异性。可以说，考虑到获得的平均 F _ST，所研究的牛群存在低遗传分化值 (0.039)。结果表明，97.10%的遗传变异可以用个体间的遗传差异来解释，而种群间的遗传差异则为2.90%。结构、析因对应分析结果和树状图表明，所研究的牛群分为三组。本研究揭示了关于遗传多样性的重要知识以及在阿尔及利亚饲养的一些本地牛品种之间的关系。结果表明，所研究的品种具有较高的遗传多样性。此外，可以说所使用的微卫星标记可以成功地用于确定阿尔及利亚牛品种的遗传多样性和种群结构。