Abstract

To realize higher yields of mono-alkyl esters (Biodiesel) without sacrificing the environment and food sources; various researchers have considered utilizing different waste materials. In this work lipid extraction and their conversion into esters from wastewater sludge was investigated using a mixture of polar and non-polar solvents, methanol and homogeneous sulfuric acid catalyst. The effect of solvent extraction time, concentration of acidic catalyst used and the esterification reaction time to produce esters is reported for ex-situ two step and in-situ one step method. The whole experimental work of ex-situ/in-situ extraction and esterification was performed at a temperature of 100 °C and mixing rate of 100 rpm. Solvent extraction yield of lipids increased from 34 to 53% in two to six hours of solvent extraction. It was found that acidic catalyst concentration in the esterification mixture and esterification reaction time both have a major impact on esters yield. A highest ester yield of 78% was noted in the ex-situ two step method with two hours of esterification of filtered lipids and a 55% ester yield was noted in the in-situ one step method after six hours of simultaneous extraction and esterification in the same reactor respectively.

摘要

在不牺牲环境和食物来源的情况下实现更高产量的单烷基酯（生物柴油）；各种研究人员已经考虑使用不同的废料。在这项工作中，使用极性和非极性溶剂、甲醇和均相硫酸催化剂的混合物，研究了从废水污泥中提取脂质及其转​​化为酯的过程。报告了非原位两步法和原位一步法的溶剂萃取时间、所用酸性催化剂浓度和酯化反应时间对生产酯的影响。异位/原位萃取和酯化的整个实验工作在 100 °C 的温度和 100 rpm 的混合速率下进行。在溶剂萃取的两到六个小时内，脂质的溶剂萃取率从 34% 增加到 53%。发现酯化混合物中的酸性催化剂浓度和酯化反应时间都对酯产率有重大影响。在非原位两步法中注意到最高的酯产率为 78%，对过滤的脂质进行 2 小时的酯化，在原位一步法中，在 6 小时同时提取和酯化后的酯产率为 55%。分别是同一个反应堆。