Reduced Order Models (ROMs), also known as Reduced Basis Methods (RBMs), have received considerable attention in recent years for their ability to drastically reduce CFD cost, particularly when dealing with parametrised problems in a multi-query setting. This Special Issue gathers recent advances in ROM/RBM techniques for complex flow problems relevant to applications in mechanical and aerospace engineering, as well as medical and applied sciences. Manuscripts have been selected focusing onmethodological developments, with an emphasis on mathematical modelling and applications in areas such as nonlinear inverse problems, optimal flow control, shape optimisation and uncertainty quantification. Advanced developments are proposed to cover broader applications in multiphysics contexts, such as fluid-structure interaction problems and such coupled phenomena involving inviscid, viscous and thermal flows in the incompressible and compressible flow regimes. This Special Issue provides an ideal and timely context to highlight some state-of-the-art methodologies ready to be applied in industrial andmedical problems, including aeronautical, mechanical, naval, offshore, wind, sport, biomedical engineering and cardiovascular surgery, combining elements of high-performance computing and advanced ROM/RBM, real time computing, data management and visualisation. Kaveh and Habashi, by means of ROM, show how CFD costs can be drastically reduced. In addition, a more complete investigation of a continuous design space obtained by adding experimental fluid dynamics and flight fluid dynamics data leads to a better integration of physical testing and computational data. Pascarella and co-authors show how accurate solutions of unsteady flows during the design process of an aircraft can be a highly demanding task. RBMs are

中文翻译：

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CFD 中降阶模型的特刊

降阶模型 (ROM)，也称为降基方法 (RBM)，近年来因其显着降低 CFD 成本的能力而受到广泛关注，尤其是在处理多查询设置中的参数化问题时。本期特刊收集了 ROM/RBM 技术的最新进展，用于解决与机械和航空航天工程以及医学和应用科学应用相关的复杂流动问题。所选择的手稿侧重于方法论的发展，重点是数学建模和在非线性逆问题、最优流动控制、形状优化和不确定性量化等领域的应用。提出了先进的发展，以涵盖多物理场环境中的更广泛应用，例如流固耦合问题以及在不可压缩和可压缩流态中涉及无粘性、粘性和热流的耦合现象。本期特刊提供了一个理想和及时的背景，以突出一些可用于工业和医学问题的最先进方法，包括航空、机械、海军、近海、风能、运动、生物医学工程和心血管外科，结合元素高性能计算和高级 ROM/RBM、实时计算、数据管理和可视化。Kaveh 和 Habashi 通过 ROM 展示了如何大幅降低 CFD 成本。此外，通过添加实验流体动力学和飞行流体动力学数据获得的连续设计空间的更完整研究可以更好地集成物理测试和计算数据。Pascarella 和合著者展示了在飞机设计过程中非定常流动的准确解决方案是多么艰巨的任务。RBM 是