ABSTRACT

Brightly colored stains on the white marble at the Tea pavilion and marble statues in Renaissance style trigger a scientific investigation to determine their origin. Staining and alteration of white marble in El Montazah site have been studied by using different microscopic techniques, polarizing microscope (PLM), reflected light microscope, light microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Moreover, several samples have been examined by X-ray powder diffraction, Energy Dispersive X-ray analyses (EDX), FTIR spectroscopy and biological analysis.

The results indicated that different factors contribute to form stains on white marble. In the Tea pavilion at El Montazah site, staining can essentially be attributed to the alteration of pyrite. Microbial deterioration, black stains and the reactions between the organic matters with the alkali solutions have a dominant influence in the discoloration and staining of marble statues at El Montazah site. Also, FTIR in the brownish areas from the marble statues confirmed the presence of Paraloid B-72. Probably a part of marble staining was caused by the alteration of Paraloid B-72, which was used in the past to consolidate or as an adhesive to preserve the marble.

摘要

茶馆的白色大理石上鲜艳的污渍和文艺复兴时期风格的大理石雕像引发了科学调查，以确定它们的起源。使用不同的显微技术，偏光显微镜（PLM），反射光显微镜，光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究了El Montazah遗址白色大理石的染色和变质。此外，一些样品已经通过 X 射线粉末衍射、能量色散 X 射线分析 (EDX)、FTIR 光谱和生物分析进行了检查。

结果表明，不同的因素有助于在白色大理石上形成污渍。在 El Montazah 遗址的茶馆中，染色基本上可以归因于黄铁矿的改变。微生物变质、黑色污渍以及有机物与碱溶液之间的反应对 El Montazah 遗址大理石雕像的变色和染色具有主要影响。此外，大理石雕像褐色区域的 FTIR 证实了 Paraloid B-72 的存在。大理石染色的一部分可能是由 Paraloid B-72 的改变引起的，Paraloid B-72 过去被用来巩固或作为粘合剂来保护大理石。