ABSTRACT

The imperial Temple at the ancient Roman site of Antiochia ad Cragum has been excavated and studied by an interdisciplinary team since 2005. The temple was found in a collapsed state. Since there were no full-height columns and wall segments left standing, the vertical dimensions of the structure were unknown. After detailed drawings and investigations, the original design of the façade, as well as the key dimensions of the Temple, were established. The cause of the collapse was another unknown. As there is documentation about major seismic events about 500 km to the east of this site during the 5th century, collapse due to earthquakes is highly likely. This paper has three important contributions: First, it is the first reveal of a scaled 3D structural representation of this collapsed Temple. Second, it uses unique interdisciplinary collaboration to determine whether seismic events could be the cause of the initial collapse of the Temple. Finally, it investigates the original Temple’s behavior under various forms of seismic loading through discrete element modeling. The results of these interdisciplinary investigations confirm an earthquake as a highly plausible cause of the initial collapse of this structure and demonstrate the complex behavior of the structure under various seismic event scenarios.

摘要

Antiochia ad Cragum古罗马遗址的皇家寺庙自 2005 年以来，一直由跨学科团队挖掘和研究。发现这座寺庙处于倒塌状态。由于没有站立的全高柱子和墙段，因此结构的垂直尺寸未知。经过详细的图纸和调查，确定了外立面的原始设计以及寺庙的关键尺寸。倒塌的原因是另一个未知数。由于该遗址以东约 500 公里处有 5 世纪重大地震事件的记录，因此很有可能因地震而倒塌。这篇论文有三个重要的贡献：首先，它首次揭示了这座倒塌神庙的比例尺 3D 结构表示。第二，它使用独特的跨学科合作来确定地震事件是否可能是寺庙最初倒塌的原因。最后，它通过离散元建模研究了原始 Temple 在各种形式的地震载荷下的行为。这些跨学科调查的结果证实，地震是该结构初始倒塌的一个非常合理的原因，并证明了该结构在各种地震事件情景下的复杂行为。