In this study, we propose a new remote sensing–based drought index, the agricultural drought condition index (ADCI), for agricultural drought monitoring in the agricultural area of Niger. It is defined as a first principal component analysis (PCA) of precipitation condition index (PCI), vegetation condition index (VCI), temperature condition index (TCI), and evapotranspiration condition index (ETCI). ADCI integrates multisource remote sensing data from Climate Hazards group Infrared Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS) and moderate resolution imaging spectro-radiometer (MODIS) and it synthesizes precipitation deficits, vegetation growth status, soil thermal stress, and crop water stress in the drought process. A series of validation tests have been implemented using a one-month standardized precipitation index (SPI-1), the crop yield and the vegetation health index (VHI) during the crop growth period (June–October) from 2003 to 2017. The results show that ADCI is not only strongly correlated with SPI-1, but also with the variation of crop yield and the VHI. When tested against VHI, the ADCI performed better than VHI. Thus, it was proven that this index is a full drought monitoring indicator and it can not only contain the meteorological drought information, but also reflect drought influence on agriculture.

中文翻译：

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使用多传感器遥感数据更好地检测和监测尼日尔农业干旱的新指标

在这项研究中，我们提出了一种新的基于遥感的干旱指数，即农业干旱状况指数（ADCI），用于尼日尔农业区的农业干旱监测。它被定义为降水条件指数（PCI）、植被条件指数（VCI）、温度条件指数（TCI）和蒸散条件指数（ETCI）的第一主成分分析（PCA）。ADCI 整合了来自气候危害组红外降水站 (CHIRPS) 和中分辨率成像光谱辐射计 (MODIS) 的多源遥感数据，并综合了干旱过程中的降水不足、植被生长状况、土壤热应力和作物水分胁迫。使用一个月的标准化降水指数 (SPI-1) 进行了一系列验证测试，2003-2017 年作物生长期（6-10 月）作物产量和植被健康指数（VHI）。 结果表明 ADCI 不仅与 SPI-1 有很强的相关性，而且与作物产量和VHI。当针对 VHI 进行测试时，ADCI 的表现优于 VHI。由此可见，该指标是一个完整的干旱监测指标，不仅可以包含气象干旱信息，还可以反映干旱对农业的影响。