当前位置: X-MOL 学术Miner. Process. Extr. Metall. Rev. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Review of Lithium Production and Recovery from Minerals, Brines, and Lithium-Ion Batteries
Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-02 , DOI: 10.1080/08827508.2019.1668387
Fei Meng 1 , James McNeice 1 , Shirin S. Zadeh 1 , Ahmad Ghahreman 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely employed in portable electric devices, electric vehicles (EVs), and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), indicating a potential increasing demand for LIBs over the next decade. Lithium, a critical element in LIBs, might encounter a potential supply crisis in the future. The irregular distribution of lithium mineral resources in countries and the unequal concentration in brine reserves also causes lithium extraction to be of critical importance. Today lithium is mainly recovered from minerals (especially spodumene) by acid, alkaline, and chlorination processes, and from brines by crystallization, solvent extraction, and ion-exchange processes. Regarding the secondary resources, i.e., recycling the spent LIBs, the recycling process consists of dismantling the LIBs, in some cases the separation of the cathode and anode materials, leaching of shredded material, and separation and recovery of metals. Nonetheless, the industry standard for recycling of LIBs currently is the pyrometallurgy processes, mostly are focused on the base metals recovery, such as cobalt and nickel, rather than lithium. Varying compositions of batteries for different applications require the development of a suitable and sustainable recycling process to recover metals from all types of LIBs. This paper provides a comprehensive review of lithium recovery processes that have already been studied and are currently in industrial practice, in the hope of providing some inspirations to explore new technologies for sustainable recovery of lithium from minerals, brines and LIBs.

中文翻译:

从矿物、盐水和锂离子电池中生产和回收锂的回顾

摘要 可充电锂离子电池 (LIB) 广泛用于便携式电动设备、电动汽车 (EV) 和混合动力电动汽车 (HEV),表明未来十年对锂离子电池的需求可能会增加。锂是 LIB 中的关键元素,未来可能会遇到潜在的供应危机。各国锂矿产资源分布不规则,卤水储量分布不均,也使得锂的提取变得至关重要。今天,锂主要通过酸、碱和氯化工艺从矿物(尤其是锂辉石)中回收,并通过结晶、溶剂萃取和离子交换工艺从盐水中回收。关于二次资源,即回收用过的 LIBs,回收过程包括拆除 LIBs,在某些情况下,阴极和阳极材料的分离、切碎材料的浸出以及金属的分离和回收。尽管如此,目前锂离子电池回收的行业标准是火法冶金工艺,主要集中在贱金属回收,如钴和镍,而不是锂。用于不同应用的不同电池成分需要开发合适且可持续的回收工艺,以从所有类型的 LIB 中回收金属。本文全面回顾了已经研究并目前在工业实践中的锂回收工艺,希望为探索从矿物、卤水和锂离子电池中可持续回收锂的新技术提供一些启发。以及金属的分离和回收。尽管如此,目前锂离子电池回收的行业标准是火法冶金工艺,主要集中在贱金属回收,如钴和镍,而不是锂。用于不同应用的不同电池成分需要开发合适且可持续的回收工艺,以从所有类型的 LIB 中回收金属。本文全面回顾了已经研究并目前在工业实践中的锂回收工艺,希望为探索从矿物、卤水和锂离子电池中可持续回收锂的新技术提供一些启发。以及金属的分离和回收。尽管如此,目前锂离子电池回收的行业标准是火法冶金工艺,主要集中在贱金属回收,如钴和镍,而不是锂。用于不同应用的不同电池成分需要开发合适且可持续的回收工艺,以从所有类型的 LIB 中回收金属。本文全面回顾了已经研究并目前在工业实践中的锂回收工艺,希望为探索从矿物、卤水和锂离子电池中可持续回收锂的新技术提供一些启发。大多数都集中在基本金属回收上,例如钴和镍,而不是锂。用于不同应用的不同电池成分需要开发合适且可持续的回收工艺,以从所有类型的 LIB 中回收金属。本文全面回顾了已经研究并目前在工业实践中的锂回收工艺,希望为探索从矿物、卤水和锂离子电池中可持续回收锂的新技术提供一些启发。大多数都集中在基本金属回收上,例如钴和镍,而不是锂。用于不同应用的不同电池成分需要开发合适且可持续的回收工艺,以从所有类型的 LIB 中回收金属。本文全面回顾了已经研究并目前在工业实践中的锂回收工艺,希望为探索从矿物、卤水和锂离子电池中可持续回收锂的新技术提供一些启发。
更新日期:2019-10-02
down
wechat
bug