Abstract Microbial community structure reflects the surrounding natural environment and changes to that environment. Although the subsurface at 5–100 m depth is important for human activities and there are potential risks of environmental pollution in this region, there have been only a few reports of subsurface microbial community structures in terrestrial areas. We investigated the diversity and community compositions of Bacteria and Archaea in boring cores collected from various depths at three different sites in the southern Kanto Plain, Japan. The results of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing using MiSeq showed that the microbial community composition varied with the geological unit. Proteobacteria (Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria) were dominant members within sediments accumulated during the Pleistocene in the Musashino Upland. In contrast, Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi characteristically appeared in the Holocene layers of the Arakawa Lowland. These data suggest that the subsurface microbial composition is controlled by the geological features of the sediments.

中文翻译：

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日本南部关东平原陆地地下沉积物中的微生物群落结构

摘要 微生物群落结构反映了周围的自然环境及其对环境的变化。尽管5-100 m深度的地下对人类活动很重要，并且该地区存在环境污染的潜在风险，但关于陆地地区地下微生物群落结构的报道很少。我们调查了从日本关东平原南部三个不同地点的不同深度收集的钻孔核心中细菌和古细菌的多样性和群落组成。使用MiSeq进行16S rRNA基因扩增子测序的结果表明，微生物群落组成因地质单元而异。Proteobacteria（Alphaproteobacteria 和 Gammaproteobacteria）是武藏野高地更新世期间积累的沉积物中的主要成员。相比之下，Acidobacteria 和 Chloroflexi 特征性地出现在 Arakawa Lowland 的全新世层中。这些数据表明地下微生物组成受沉积物的地质特征控制。