ABSTRACT

The Imperial Academy of Medicine of Paris met in the spring of 1865 to discuss the localization of speech. One of the participants was Maximien Parchappe (1800–1866), an alienist whose research interests lay in the cerebral cortex. This article addresses Maximien Parchappe’s concept that the cognitive elements of language—such as the translation of thoughts into words, the will to express them, and the means to do so—reside within the cortical gray matter, and that they are integrated through white-matter fibers. In so doing, Parchappe anticipated Carl Wernicke’s linking of the posterior aspects of the dominant frontal and temporal lobes in verbal expression, and Jules Dejerine’s linking of the angular gyrus and Wernicke’s area in the understanding of written language. Functional imaging has revived interest in language as a network of neuronal aggregates and has given new relevance to Parchappe’s concept of the functional organization of language.

摘要

巴黎帝国医学院于 1865 年春天开会讨论语言的本地化问题。其中一位参与者是马克西米恩·帕查普 (Maximien Parchappe) (1800-1866)，他是一位研究兴趣在于大脑皮层的外星人。本文阐述了马克西米恩·帕查普 (Maximien Parchappe) 的概念，即语言的认知元素——例如将思想翻译成文字、表达它们的意愿以及表达它们的方法——存在于皮质灰质中，并且它们通过白质整合在一起。物质纤维。在这样做时，Parchappe 预计 Carl Wernicke 在口头表达中将主要额叶和颞叶的后部联系起来，以及 Jules Dejerine 在理解书面语言中将角回和韦尼克区联系起来。