The extremely serious effects of the marine environment pollution due to oil spill, oil slick and toxic heavy metals on the human, ecosystem, and society are clearly seen. Findings of absorbent materials with high absorption capacity and high usage efficiency are being much interested by several researchers. In this work, four samples of absorbent material fabricated after adding, respectively, 5%, 25% of rice straw mass percentage along with 0.5 and 3 mm of rice straw size, four oil types including crude oil, fuel oil (FO), diesel oil (DO), kerosene, and a solution containing toxic heavy metals such as Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺, Hg²⁺ are used for the experimental purposes related to the evaluation of the oil absorption capacity (OAC) and toxic heavy metal, and the oil removal efficiency (ORE) during 120–150 min. As a result, the as-used sample with 25% of rice straw mass and 0.5 mm of rice straw size shows the highest absorption capacity. In addition, the influence of capillary pressure on the OAC and ORE is analysed, the assistance of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) for observation of porous structure of rice straw, pristine PU, and the as-fabricated absorbent are also conducted and presented in this study.

溢油、浮油和有毒重金属等海洋环境污染对人类、生态系统和社会造成的极其严重的影响已显而易见。一些研究人员对具有高吸收能力和高使用效率的吸收材料的发现非常感兴趣。在这项工作中，分别添加了 5%、25% 的稻草质量百分比以及 0.5 和 3 mm 的稻草尺寸，四种油类包括原油、燃料油 (FO)、柴油后制备的四个吸收材料样品。油 (DO)、煤油和含有 Cd ²⁺、Pb ²⁺、Hg ²⁺等有毒重金属的溶液用于与评估吸油能力 (OAC) 和有毒重金属以及 120-150 分钟内的除油效率 (ORE) 相关的实验目的。结果表明，稻草质量为 25%、稻草尺寸为 0.5 mm 的原样显示出最高的吸收能力。此外，还分析了毛细压力对 OAC 和 ORE 的影响，并在扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 的帮助下观察了稻草、原始 PU 和制成的吸收剂的多孔结构。学习。