Over the last forty years, many trials have been performed using mammalian embryo cultures with reduced oxygen tension (O₂) to encourage proper embryo development and increase the success rate for in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome. Even if the use of atmospheric O₂ (20%) affects in vitro embryo development and intracellular redox balance, the use of low (5% O₂, physiologic) and ultra-low (close or less to 5% O₂) O₂ applied to in vitro embryo culture is still under debate. Numerous studies in various mammalian species have shown that embryo development improves when culturing embryos under low O₂, although culture conditions are not the only factors involved in the success of IVF. This article reviews the literature data of the last four decades and discusses the current evidence on the use of low and ultra-low O₂ in embryo culture, and examines the impact of multiple factors on IVF outcomes.

Abbreviations

O₂: oxygen tension; IVF: in vitro fertilization; IVC: in vitro culture; ET: embryo transfer; ROS: reactive oxygen species; ARTs: assisted reproductive technologies.

中文翻译：

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在实验和临床IVF中，低和超低氧张力对哺乳动物胚胎培养和发育的影响。

在过去的40年中，已经使用降低氧压（O ₂）的哺乳动物胚胎培养物进行了许多试验，以鼓励适当的胚胎发育并提高体外受精（IVF）结果的成功率。即使使用大气中的O ₂（20％）影响了 体外胚胎发育和细胞内氧化还原平衡，但使用低（5％O ₂，生理性）和超低（接近或低于5％O ₂）O _2的使用施加到在 体外胚胎培养仍在争论。在多种哺乳动物中的大量研究表明，在低O下培养胚胎时，胚胎发育会改善₂，尽管培养条件不是IVF成功的唯一因素。本文回顾了过去四十年的文献数据，并讨论了在胚胎培养中使用低和超低O ₂的最新证据，并探讨了多种因素对IVF结果的影响。

缩略语

O ₂：氧张力；试管婴儿：在 试管受精; IVC：在 体外培养; ET：胚胎移植；ROS：活性氧；ARTs：辅助生殖技术。