Security of water distribution systems is of highest importance to public health. In this study, a novel dynamic hydrant flushing strategy is developed to remove the injected contamination mass in the shortest possible time after being detected by the sensors. The coupled EPANET-IHS simulation-optimization model is developed to determine the hydrant flushing strategies (the hydrant sets and their opening/closing time). This allows water utility managers to utilize the hydrants instantly after the sensor alarm with no need for excessive investigations, which enhances the flushing effectiveness. Developed based on thousands of contaminant injection scenarios (contamination events), the proposed hydrant flushing strategies are reliable to remove any injected contamination mass. Moreover, the operation of hydrant sets is dynamically validated by closing/opening of hydrants throughout the total hydrant flushing duration, which enables the model to flush up to more 20%. The methodology is examined on the mid-sized WDS of Mesopolis city.

供水系统的安全对公共卫生至关重要。在这项研究中，开发了一种新颖的动态消火栓冲洗策略，以在被传感器检测到之后的最短时间内去除注入的污染物。开发了耦合的EPANET-IHS模拟优化模型来确定消防栓冲洗策略（消防栓组及其打开/关闭时间）。这使自来水公司能够在传感器发出警报后立即使用消防栓，而无需进行过多的检查，从而提高了冲洗效果。基于数千种污染物注入场景（污染事件）而开发的，所提出的消火栓冲洗策略能够可靠地去除任何注入的污染物。此外，通过在整个消防栓冲洗持续时间内关闭/打开消防栓来动态验证消防栓组的运行，从而使模型冲洗率提高到20％以上。在Mesopolis市的中型WDS中检查了该方法。