Abstract In this study, the effect of saliva contamination and cleaning procedures on the bond strength of lithium disilicate (LS2) ceramics was investigated at different timings of silane treatment. Micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) test using a universal testing machine was performed (n = 24). For analysis of adhesive surface characteristics, water contact angle was measured (n = 3). After saliva contamination, the salivary protein level using the Bradford assay was quantified (n = 3). The pre-conditioned surfaces were observed using a field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). Saliva contamination and the silane treatment timing significantly affected the μTBS of LS2 ceramics (p < 0.05). However, cleaning methods did not show any significant differences in μTBS (p > 0.05). Water contact angle increased after silane treatment. High concentration of salivary protein was detected in the group where saliva contamination occurred before silane treatment (p < 0.05). FE-SEM analysis showed that the etched surfaces of the contaminated LS2 specimens were covered with oral bacteria and other salivary components. It also showed that ultrasonic cleaning was effective in eliminating salivary contaminants while air-water spray was not. Saliva contamination of the surface of LS2 ceramics deteriorates μTBS. To minimize the effect of saliva contamination, prompt silane treatment to etched surface of LS2 ceramic is recommended.

中文翻译：

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硅烷处理对二硅酸锂陶瓷粘接过程中唾液蛋白污染的影响

摘要 在本研究中，研究了不同硅烷处理时间下唾液污染和清洁程序对二硅酸锂 (LS2) 陶瓷结合强度的影响。使用万能试验机进行微拉伸粘合强度 (μTBS) 测试 (n = 24)。为了分析粘合剂表面特性，测量了水接触角（n = 3）。唾液污染后，使用 Bradford 测定法对唾液蛋白水平进行量化 (n = 3)。使用场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）观察预处理后的表面。唾液污染和硅烷处理时间显着影响 LS2 陶瓷的 μTBS (p < 0.05)。然而，清洁方法在 μTBS 中没有显示出任何显着差异（p > 0.05）。硅烷处理后水接触角增加。在硅烷处理前发生唾液污染的组中检测到高浓度的唾液蛋白（p < 0.05）。FE-SEM 分析表明，受污染的 LS2 标本的蚀刻表面覆盖有口腔细菌和其他唾液成分。它还表明，超声波清洗在消除唾液污染物方面是有效的，而空气-水喷雾则不然。LS2 陶瓷表面的唾液污染会使 μTBS 恶化。为了尽量减少唾液污染的影响，建议对 LS2 陶瓷的蚀刻表面进行及时的硅烷处理。FE-SEM 分析表明，受污染的 LS2 标本的蚀刻表面覆盖有口腔细菌和其他唾液成分。它还表明，超声波清洗在消除唾液污染物方面是有效的，而空气-水喷雾则不然。LS2 陶瓷表面的唾液污染会使 μTBS 恶化。为了尽量减少唾液污染的影响，建议对 LS2 陶瓷的蚀刻表面进行及时的硅烷处理。FE-SEM 分析表明，受污染的 LS2 标本的蚀刻表面覆盖有口腔细菌和其他唾液成分。它还表明，超声波清洗在消除唾液污染物方面是有效的，而空气-水喷雾则不然。LS2 陶瓷表面的唾液污染会使 μTBS 恶化。为了尽量减少唾液污染的影响，建议对 LS2 陶瓷的蚀刻表面进行及时的硅烷处理。