ABSTRACT Cloud manufacturing is a promising rising paradigm in which geographically distributed manufacturing resources are exposed as services in the cloud platform. The task of cloud manufacturing is to provide manufacturing resources as services to fulfil users’ demands. However, in existing cloud manufacturing architecture all the information is possessed by the platform operator, and the management of manufacturing services is highly centralised. It is firmly believed that decentralisation and elevating information transparency can help increase the operational performance. Blockchain is such a technology that distributes transactions information to a peer-to-peer network such that information is fully shared and unchangeable by partial peers. This paper proposes a blockchain-based cloud manufacturing architecture to enhance information transparency and decentralisation. The proposed platform is responsible for exposing manufacturing resources and wrapping them as services. Manufacturing services can be purchased by any user accessing to the platform. The blockchain is used to intermediate the service composition and record transaction results. Moreover, a quality of service (QoS) aware service composition model is proposed in the blockchain-based cloud manufacturing. A particle swarm optimisation (PSO) is proposed to solve the model. Finally, simulations are done to provide an application of the service composition in blockchain-based cloud manufacturing.

中文翻译：

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云制造中基于区块链的服务组合架构

摘要 云制造是一种有前途的新兴范式，其中地理分布的制造资源在云平台中作为服务公开。云制造的任务是提供制造资源作为服务来满足用户的需求。但是，在现有的云制造架构中，所有信息都由平台运营商掌握，制造服务的管理高度集中。坚信权力下放和提高信息透明度有助于提高运营绩效。区块链是一种将交易信息分发到点对点网络的技术，使得信息完全共享且部分对等点不可更改。本文提出了一种基于区块链的云制造架构，以增强信息透明度和去中心化。提议的平台负责公开制造资源并将其包装为服务。任何访问该平台的用户都可以购买制造服务。区块链用于中介服务组合并记录交易结果。此外，在基于区块链的云制造中提出了一种服务质量（QoS）感知服务组合模型。提出了粒子群优化（PSO）来求解模型。最后，进行模拟以提供服务组合在基于区块链的云制造中的应用。任何访问该平台的用户都可以购买制造服务。区块链用于中介服务组合并记录交易结果。此外，在基于区块链的云制造中提出了一种服务质量（QoS）感知服务组合模型。提出了粒子群优化（PSO）来求解模型。最后，进行模拟以提供服务组合在基于区块链的云制造中的应用。任何访问该平台的用户都可以购买制造服务。区块链用于中介服务组合并记录交易结果。此外，在基于区块链的云制造中提出了一种服务质量（QoS）感知服务组合模型。提出了粒子群优化（PSO）来求解模型。最后，进行模拟以提供服务组合在基于区块链的云制造中的应用。