Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence raise interest in its participation in design activity, which is commonly considered to be complex and human-dominated. In this work, we aim to examine AI roles in early design stages. The human ideation components and design tools related to AI are discussed in a framework of AI-augmented design support. The framework develops a hierarchy of design cognition (basis), approaches and principles. The cognitive models are constructed in an empirical study of 30 designers (26 for analysis, 4 for pilot study) by concurrent Think-Aloud protocol and behavior analysis. The process of producing new design ideas is explained by a transparent analysis of designers’ language and behaviors. Three strategies to organize cognitive activities in design ideation are summarized: develop structured consideration, relate to a scenario, and stick-to designing. These strategies suggest AI could act as (1) representation creation, (2) empathy trigger and (3) engagement, in principles of “knowledge-driven” and “decompose-and-integrate”. The design support with AI provides new perspectives on computer-based design tools that limit to well-defined design variables. The framework is built on a generic notion of design activity and “mimic” human design rationales, expected to benefit research of domain-independent computational design supports and cognitive supports.

人工智能的最新进展引起人们对其参与设计活动的兴趣，这种活动通常被认为是复杂的并且由人主导。在这项工作中，我们旨在检查早期设计阶段的AI角色。在AI增强设计支持的框架中讨论了与AI相关的人类构想组件和设计工具。该框架建立了设计认知（基础），方法和原则的层次结构。通过并发Think-Aloud协议和行为分析，对30位设计师（26位用于分析，4位用于试点研究）进行实证研究，构建认知模型。通过对设计师的语言和行为的透明分析来解释产生新设计思想的过程。总结了在设计构思中组织认知活动的三种策略：发展结构化考虑，与场景和坚持设计有关。这些策略表明，按照“知识驱动”和“分解并整合”的原则，AI可以充当（1）创造表征，（2）移情触发和（3）参与。AI的设计支持为基于计算机的设计工具提供了新的视角，这些工具限于定义明确的设计变量。该框架建立在通用的设计活动概念和“模仿”人类设计原理的基础之上，有望有益于与领域无关的计算设计支持和认知支持的研究。AI的设计支持为基于计算机的设计工具提供了新的视角，这些工具限于定义明确的设计变量。该框架建立在通用的设计活动概念和“模仿”人类设计原理的基础之上，有望有益于与领域无关的计算设计支持和认知支持的研究。AI的设计支持为基于计算机的设计工具提供了新的视角，这些工具限于定义明确的设计变量。该框架建立在通用的设计活动概念和“模仿”人类设计原理的基础之上，有望有益于与领域无关的计算设计支持和认知支持的研究。