Introduction

Colorectal cancer (CRC), the third-most common malignancy, has high morbidity and mortality. Oral nanotherapeutics have emerged as a promising strategy to improve the therapeutic outcomes and alleviate the adverse effects of drugs in CRC treatment.

Areas covered

In this review, we introduce the beneficial features of oral drug administration for CRC therapy, and further address the three basic elements of nanotherapeutics, namely, therapeutic agents, carrier materials, and targeting ligands. In addition, we also discuss the potentials of the new emerging technologies (e.g., immunotherapy, gene editing and microbiota manipulation) in the treatment of CRC.

Expert opinion

Orally delivered targeted nanotherapeutics represent a promising strategy toward the efficient treatment of CRC. Although the current oral nanotherapeutics exert better therapeutic outcomes than the traditional drug formulations, their application has been restricted by drug resistance, tumor metastasis, and biosafety. Therefore, it is necessary to exploit new nanotherapeutics in the aspects of their three basic elements, and combine the new emerging technologies to those nanotherapeutics for CRC treatment.

中文翻译：

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口服递送靶向纳米治疗剂，用于治疗结直肠癌。

介绍

大肠癌（CRC）是第三大常见恶性肿瘤，其发病率和死亡率很高。口服纳米疗法已成为改善治疗效果并减轻药物在CRC治疗中的不良影响的一种有前途的策略。

覆盖区域

在这篇综述中，我们介绍了口服药物对CRC治疗的有益作用，并进一步阐述了纳米治疗的三个基本要素，即治疗剂，载体材料和靶向配体。此外，我们还讨论了在CRC治疗中新兴技术（例如免疫疗法，基因编辑和微生物群操作）的潜力。

专家意见

口服靶向纳米治疗代表了有效治疗CRC的有前途的策略。尽管当前的口服纳米疗法比传统的药物制剂具有更好的治疗效果，但其应用受到耐药性，肿瘤转移和生物安全性的限制。因此，有必要在其三个基本要素方面开发新的纳米疗法，并将新兴技术与那些用于CRC治疗的纳米疗法相结合。